“…Despite its provision in providing a general framework for assessing employee behavior in learning, decision making, attitude formation, and motivation (Chen & Lou, 2002as cited in Chiang & Jang, 2008, the theory is criticized of lacking strong theoretical framework and validity of components within the model. Furthermore, a search of the literature indicates that a number of studies on work motivation in the hotel industry have adopted Herzberg's theory (Chitiris, 1988;Lundberg et al, 2009;Sledge, Miles, & Coppage, 2008;Wong, Siu, & Tsang, 1999), as which addresses both intrinsic and extrinsic factors for motivation. Herzberg's two-factor theory bases its idea on the "need theories" and suggests that humans have two different sets of needs and that the factors causing job satisfaction (presumably motivation) are different from those causing job dissatisfaction (Lundberg et al, 2009;Wong et al, 1999).…”