Herpesviruses in Endodontic Pathoses: Association of Epstein-Barr Virus with Irreversible Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis

Li, Hong; Chen, Vicky; Chen, Yanwen; Baumgartner, J. Craig; Machida, Curtis A.

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2008.09.017

Cited by 65 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It may thus be suggested that the larger number of CD57 + NK cells associated with a more intense inflammatory infiltrate is due to greater antigen stimulation as a direct result of viral infection and the consequent increase in the virulence of bacteria present in the endodontic infection. 3,5 Regarding the thickness of the lining epithelium in RCs, a significantly larger number of CD57 + NK cells was observed in lesions with cystic atrophic epithelium (median 4.5) compared to those with hyperplastic epithelium (median 1.5) (p = 0.042), corroborating the study of Moreira et al 19 It is believed that CD57 + NK cells are involved in proapoptotic mechanisms related to the death of cystic epithelial cells. 4 The main function of mature CD57 + NK cells is cytotoxic activity.…”

Section: Cd57supporting

confidence: 73%

“…5,6 The first line of defense of the immune system against viral invasion is mediated by natural killer (NK) cells. 7 These cells are actively involved in the host immune defense through the production of cytotoxic granules, activation of the Fas and TRAIL death receptors, and the production of a variety of cytokines that orchestrate the innate and adaptive immune responses by their action on T cells.…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of CD57+ natural killer cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was to compare the number of CD57 + natural killer (NK) cells and CD8 + T lymphocytes between periapical granulomas (PGs) and radicular cysts (RCs). Twenty-fives cases of PGs and 25 of RCs were submitted to histological analysis and immunohistochemistry using anti-CD57 and anti-CD8 biomarkers. Positive cells were counted in 10 fields (400× magnification) and the median value was calculated for each case. Statistical tests were used to evaluate differences in the number of CD57+ NK cells and CD8 + T lymphocytes according to type of lesion, intensity of the infiltrate and thickness of the lining epithelium. The number of CD57 + NK cells and CD8 + T lymphocytes was higher in PGs than in RCs (p = 0.129 and p = 0.541, respectively). Comparison of the number of CD57 + NK cells in atrophic and hyperplastic epithelium revealed a larger number of cells in the atrophic epithelium (p = 0.042). A larger number of CD57 + NK cells and CD8 + T lymphocytes were observed in grade III infiltrates compared to grade I/II (p = 0.145 and p = 0.725, respectively). CD8 + T lymphocytes were more prevalent than CD57 + NK cells in most cases when PGs and RCs were analyzed separately or in combination (p < 0.0001). CD57+ NK cells and CD8 + T lymphocytes play a key role in antiviral defense and the presence of these cells supports evidence suggesting the participation of these microorganisms in the pathogenesis of PGs and RCs. The response mediated by CD8 + T lymphocytes was more frequent, indicating greater participation of the adaptive immunity in these chronic lesions.

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Section: Cd57supporting

confidence: 73%

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of CD57+ natural killer cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts

et al. 2017

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“…In elderly patients, the onset of primary oral lymphoma/LPD may be related to chronic inflammation that has been regarded as ''periodontitis''. In fact, EBV has been reportedly detected in apical and marginal periodontitis [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Most EBV-related oral tumors involve the tongue and the parotid gland, but some are located in the periodontium [1,7,8,10,11,20,27], as was the case in the present patient.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

A Case of Age-Related Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated B Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder, so-called Polymorphous Subtype, of the Mandible, with a Review of the Literature

Kikuchi

Fukunaga²,

Inoue

et al. 2012

Head and Neck Pathol

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is known to be associated with the development of lymphomas in immunocompromised patients. Recently, age-related immune impairment has been recognized as a predisposing factor in the development of EBV-driven lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) in elderly patients without any known immunodeficiency or prior lymphoma. In approximately 70 % of reported cases, the affected sites have been extranodal, such as the skin, lung, tonsil and stomach. However, age-related EBV-associated B cell (EBV ? B cell) LPD is extremely rare in the oral cavity. Here we report a 71-year-old Japanese man who developed an EBV ? B cell LPD resembling classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL)-so-called polymorphous subtype-of the mandible. Histopathologically, infiltration of large atypical lymphoid cells including Hodgkin or Reed-Sternberg-like cells into granulation tissue with marked necrosis was found in the mandibular bone. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the large atypical Hodgkin or ReedSternberg-like cells were CD3-, CD15-, CD20?, CD30? and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-latent infection membrane protein-1 (LMP-1)?. In situ hybridization (ISH) demonstrated EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) ? in numerous Hodgkin or Reed-Sternberg-like cells. EBNA-2 was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using an extract from the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimen. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of the polymorphous subtype of age-related EBV ? B cell LPD affecting the mandible.

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“…The inclusion criteria for patients were as follows: individuals in good health (American Society of Anaesthesia I or II) with no severe systemic diseases (such as bleeding disorders, diabetes mellitus, etc.) and who required tooth extraction or endodontic treatment because of the presence of endodontic disease [17]. The patients' ages ranged from 22 to 36 years.…”

Section: Patient Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpesviral and “Red Complex” Bacterial Analysis of Acute Apical Abscesses

Ozbek¹

2015

J Dent Probl Solut

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Introduction: To investigate the possible association between presence of Epstein-Barr virus, human cytomegalovirus and three endodontic bacterial pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia) "red complex" in samples from patients with acute apical abscesses using real-time PCR.Methods: Periapical samples were collected from 18 acute apical abscess specimens and 6 control samples. The apical area of each study tooth was examined in periapical radiographs obtained using a long cone paralleling technique. The study included only single-rooted teeth that had carious lesions, necrotic pulps, and radiographic evidence of periradicular bone loss. No apparent communication from the abscess to the oral cavity or skin surface was observed. DNA extracts from purulent exudate aspirates of acute apical abscess and six control samples were evaluated for the presence of microbial and viral loads using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) following the kit protocols recommended by the manufacturers. The chi squared test was used for statistical analysis.Results: HCMV, EBV, T. denticola, P. gingivalis, and T. forsythia were detected in 16.7 %, 5.6 %, 44.4 %, 27.7 %, and 22.2 % of the samples, respectively. As for the healthy pulps used as noninflamed controls, no control specimens contained bacterial or viral DNA. The pair HCMV/ T. denticola and HCMV/ T. forsythia was detected in one case. The association between HCMV, T denticola and T. forsythia was not statistically significant. Conclusion:Within the limitations of the present study, our PCR based findings revealed that in "red complex" bacteria, T. denticola and T. forsythia tended to occur in co-infection with HCMV.

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Herpesviruses in Endodontic Pathoses: Association of Epstein-Barr Virus with Irreversible Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis

Cited by 65 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of CD57+ natural killer cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts

Analysis of CD57+ natural killer cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts

A Case of Age-Related Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated B Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder, so-called Polymorphous Subtype, of the Mandible, with a Review of the Literature

Herpesviral and “Red Complex” Bacterial Analysis of Acute Apical Abscesses

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