Herpes Simplex Virus and Pterygium in Taiwan

Chen, Yeong-Fong; Hsiao, Ching-Hsi; Ngan, Kah-Wai; Yeung, Ling; Tan, Hsin-Yuan; Yang, Kai-Hsiang; Huang, Song‐Chei; Lin, Ken‐Kuo

doi:10.1097/ico.0b013e31815ca667

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Uncontrolled cell proliferation, recurrence after surgical excision (up to 46% after seven years) ( 2 , 8 ), abnormal levels of p53 protein ( 9 ), detection of loss of heterozygosity and presence of oncogenic viruses support the possible neoplastic nature of the lesion ( 1 , 6 ). Epidemiological studies around the world have shown that pterygium prevalence rates range from 0.3% to 37.46% ( 17 , 18 ) and vary according to age ( 5 ), geographic location ( 3 , 4 ), inherited factors, sunlight exposure and activities with high UV exposure ( 19 , 20 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Adenoviruses Role in Ophthalmic

Kelishadi

Kelishadi²,

Moradi

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Ophthalmic pterygium is a common benign lesion of unknown origin and the pathogenesis might be vision-threatening. This problem is often associated with exposure to solar light. Recent evidence suggests that potentially oncogenic viruses such as human papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus may be involved in the pathogenesis of pterygia. Expression of specific adenovirus genes such as E1A and E1B, which potentially have many functions, may contribute to their oncogenic activity as well as relevance to cellular immortalization.Objectives:For the first time, we aimed to investigate involvement of adenoviruses in pterygium formation.Patients and Methods:Fifty tissue specimens of pterygium from patients undergoing pterygium surgery (as cases), 50 conjunctival swab samples from the same patients and 10 conjunctival biopsy specimens from individuals without pterygium such as patients undergoing cataract surgery (as controls) were analyzed for evidence of adenovirus infection with polymerase chain reaction using specific primers chosen from the moderately conserved region of the hexon gene. Furthermore, β-globin primers were used to access the quality of extracted DNA. Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 16) software.Results:Of 50 patients, 20 were men and 30 women with mean age of 61.1 ± 16.9 years ranged between 22 and 85 years. All samples of pterygia had positive results for adenoviruses DNA with polymerase chain reaction, but none of the negative control groups displayed adenoviruses. The pterygium group and the control groups were β-globin positive. Direct sequencing of PCR products confirmed Adenovirus infection.Conclusions:Adenoviruses might act as a possible cause of pterygium formation and other factors could play a synergistic role in the development. However, further larger studies are required to confirm this hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Adenoviruses Role in Ophthalmic

Kelishadi

Kelishadi²,

Moradi

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Section: Etiology and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greek studies report the presence of HSV and cytomegalovirus in up to 45% of patients, 81,82 whereas a study conducted in Taiwan revealed a prevalence of only 5% for HSV detection in pterygia. 83 Another study from Turkey reported Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA detection in 10% of the examined patients. 84 Although there are uncertainties about the role of oncogenic viruses in the pathogenesis of pterygium, the current literature displays a disparity on the topic, which demonstrates the heterogeneous nature of pterygium pathophysiology.…”

Section: Viral Etiologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pterygium: an update on pathophysiology, clinical features, and management

2021

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Pterygium is a relatively common ocular surface disease. The clinical aspects and the treatment options have been studied since many years ago, but many uncertainties still exist. The core pathologic pathway and the role of heredity in the development of pterygium are still attractive fields for the researchers. The role of pterygium in corneal irregularities, in addition to the refractive properties of pterygium removal, has been increasingly recognized through numerous studies. The association between pterygium and ocular surface neoplasia is challenging the traditional beliefs regarding the safe profile of the disease. The need for a comprehensive clinical classification system has encouraged homogenization of trials and prediction of the recurrence rate of the pterygium following surgical removal. Evolving surgical methods have been associated with some complications, whose diagnosis and management are necessary for ophthalmic surgeons. According to the review, the main risk factor of pterygium progression remains to be the ultraviolet exposure. A major part of the clinical evaluation should consist of differentiating between typical and atypical pterygia, where the latter may be associated with the risk of ocular surface neoplasia. The effect of pterygium on astigmatism and the aberrations of the cornea may evoke the need for an early removal with a purpose of reducing secondary refractive error. Among the surgical methods, conjunctival or conjunctival-limbal autografting seems to be the first choice for ophthalmic surgeons because the recurrence rate following the procedure has been reported to be lower, compared with other procedures. The use of adjuvant options is supported in the literature, where intraoperative and postoperative mitomycin C has been the adjuvant treatment of choice. The efficacy and safety of anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agents and cyclosporine have been postulated; however, their exact role in the treatment of the pterygium requires further studies.

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“…Studies from Greece detected HSV in 22–45% and CMV in 40% of examined pterygia (18,28). On the other hand, in a study conducted in Taiwan Chen et al investigated the role of HSV in pterygium, where a prevalence of only 5% was reported (29). Another study from Turkey detected EBV-DNA in 10% of the pterygia examined (25).…”

Section: Virus Detection In Pterygiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral involvement in the pathogenesis and clinical features of ophthalmic pterygium (Review)

Chalkia

Spandidos

Detorakis

2013

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Pterygium is a potentially vision-threatening fibrovascular lesion originating from the conjunctiva that often extends on the corneal surface. Although it has been extensively studied, its pathogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated. Recent evidence on molecular genetic abnormalities in pterygium suggested neoplastic changes of limbal stem cells potentially associated with exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an oncogenic virus, associated with squamo-proliferative lesions of the anogenital region, skin and oropharynx. Several studies have shown HPV involvement in the pathogenesis of conjunctival neoplastic lesions, including papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma. The involvement of HPV as a co-factor in the pathogenesis of pterygium, although suggested by several studies using PCR and immunohistochemical techniques, remains controversial. Moreover, a marked variation in the prevalence of HPV in ophthalmic pterygium has been reported by different studies. Ethnic susceptibility and methodological differences in the detection of HPV may account for this variation. Surgical excision, often using sophisticated techniques, is the standard current method of therapy for pterygium. However, recurrences are frequent and recurrent lesions tend to be more aggressive. If indeed HPV is involved in pterygium pathogenesis or recurrence, anti-viral medications or vaccination may be new options in pterygium therapy.

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Herpes Simplex Virus and Pterygium in Taiwan

Abstract: HSV is not associated with pterygium formation in Taiwan; the pathogenesis of pterygia is still incompletely understood.

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Human Adenoviruses Role in Ophthalmic

Human Adenoviruses Role in Ophthalmic

Pterygium: an update on pathophysiology, clinical features, and management

Viral involvement in the pathogenesis and clinical features of ophthalmic pterygium (Review)

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