Herpes Simplex Myelitis: Differences in Clinical Manifestations Between Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2

Nakajima, Hideto; Shoji, Hiroshi

doi:10.5772/21480

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The classical course of HSV-2 myelitis is ascending myelopathy with subacute development of cervicothoracic sensorimotor impairment. However, fulminant and less rapidly progressing cases have been reported as well ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Myelitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

et al. 2017

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Non-traumatic myelopathies can result from a wide spectrum of conditions including inflammatory, ischemic, and metabolic disorders. Here, we describe the case of a 60-year old immunocompetent woman who developed acute back pain followed by rapidly ascending flaccid tetraparesis, a C6 sensory level, and sphincter dysfunction within 8 h. Acyclovir and steroids were started on day 2 and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction in cerebrospinal fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a bilateral anterior horn tractopathy expanding from C2 to T2 and cervicothoracic cord swelling. Screening for paraneoplastic antibodies and cancer was negative. Neurophysiology aided in the work-up by corroborating root involvement. Recovery was poor despite early initiation of antiviral treatment, adjuvant anti-inflammatory therapy, and neurorehabilitation efforts. The clinical course, bilateral affection of the anterior horns, and early focal atrophy on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging take a necrotizing myelitis potentially caused by intraneuronal spread of the virus into consideration. Further, we summarize the literature on classical and rare presentations of HSV-2 myeloradiculitis in non-immunocompromised patients and raise awareness for the limited treatment options for a condition with frequent devastating outcome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Myelitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

et al. 2017

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“…Several viruses have been associated with infectious transverse myelitis, most commonly enteroviruses, HSV type 2 and varicella-zoster virus. Klastersky et al reported the first case of HSV myelitis in 1972 [2] , [3] . HSV, most frequently HSV type 2, has been reported since as the causative agent in several other cases of transverse myelitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ascending necrotizing form often presents with encephalitis, quadriplegia or respiratory muscle paralysis which makes the prognosis poor. Necrotic cord changes are common, and hemorrhagic lesions are occasionally seen [2] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An unusual case of acute transverse myelitis caused by HSV-1 infection

Figueroa

Isache

Sands

2016

IDCases

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Transverse myelitis is a neurological disorder of the spinal cord that can have a variety of etiologies. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection has been described as one of the causes, most commonly HSV type 2.We report here a case of an 18 year old male who presented with weakness that started in his upper extremities and rapidly evolved to quadriplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging of spine was consistent with transverse myelitis. HSV type 1 PCR testing on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was positive. He was started on acyclovir and steroids, but despite therapy, patient did not recover motor function.

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“…HSV'ye bağlı myelit nadir görülmekle beraber daha çok asendan myelit, nekrotizan myelit veya myeloradikülit şeklinde olmaktadır. HSV'ye bağlı myelitin başlangıç semptomları bizim olgumuzdaki gibi alt ekstremitelerde duyu-motor bozukluklar ve üriner sistem problemleridir (21). Bu çalışmada belirlenen oran daha önceki çalışmalar ile karşılaştırıldığında oldukça düşüktür.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesi'ne başvuran santral sinir sistemi enfeksiyonu olgularında saptanan viral etkenler

Soylar¹,

Altuğlu²,

Sertöz³

et al. 2014

Ege Tıp Dergisi

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Amaç: Santral sinir sistemi enfeksiyonları, hızlı ilerleme potansiyeli ve kalıcı nörolojik hasar olasılığı nedeniyle çoğunlukla acil tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımı gerektirir. Bu çalışmada Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı'na viral santral sinir sistemi enfeksiyonu ön tanısı düşünülerek gönderilen beyin omurilik sıvısı (BOS) örneklerinde nükleik asit testleri ile saptanan viral etkenlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Summary Aim: Central Nervous system (CNS) infections require a rapid diagnosis and treatment approach due to their potential of rapid progression and the possibility of permanent neurological damage. In this study, viral agents detected by nucleic acid tests in the cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients with a suspicion of viral CNS infection were sent to Medical Microbiology Laboratory of Ege University Hospital and evaluated. Materials and Methods:

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Herpes Simplex Myelitis: Differences in Clinical Manifestations Between Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Myelitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Myelitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

An unusual case of acute transverse myelitis caused by HSV-1 infection

Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesi'ne başvuran santral sinir sistemi enfeksiyonu olgularında saptanan viral etkenler

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