Heritability of and strong single gene (<i>Pgi</i>) effects on life‐history traits in the Glanville fritillary butterfly

Klemme, Ines; Hanski, Ilkka

doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01807.x

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This is consistent with the results of Klemme and Hanski (Klemme and Hanski, 2009), who found the same association of Pgi_111 with longevity in females but not in males. Saastamoinen et al (Saastamoinen et al, 2009) have reported a significant effect in both sexes, but the effect was stronger in females.…”

Section: Pgi Genotype Metabolic Rate and Lifespansupporting

confidence: 82%

A long life in the fast lane: positive association between peak metabolic rate and lifespan in a butterfly

Niitepõld

Hanski

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYHigh peak metabolic rates may provide a performance advantage, but it may also entail a physiological cost. A long-held assumption is that high mass-specific energy expenditure is associated with short lifespan. To examine the relationship between energy expenditure and lifespan we asked two questions. First, do individuals have a consistent rate of metabolism throughout their life? Second, is metabolic rate correlated with lifespan? We analysed the repeatability of measurements of resting (RMR) and peak flight metabolic rate (MR peak ) throughout the life of the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia). Measurements of MR peak showed significant repeatability. Senescence occurred only shortly before death. RMR showed a U-shaped relationship with age and very low repeatability. Intraspecific association between metabolic rates and lifespan was tested under three conditions: in the laboratory, under field conditions and in a laboratory experiment with repeated flight treatments. There was a significant correlation between MR peak and lifespan in all three experiments, but the correlation was positive, not negative. RMR was not correlated with lifespan. Both MR peak and lifespan may reflect physiological condition and therefore be positively correlated. Individuals with a large resource pool may be able to invest in mechanisms that slow down ageing. Individuals with high metabolic capacity may also possess adaptations against ageing. Molecular polymorphism in the gene phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi) was significantly associated with both MR peak and lifespan, and may have coevolved with defence mechanisms against senescence. Generalisations such as ʻlive fast, die youngʼ may be too simple to explain the complex processes affecting ageing and lifespan.Supplementary material available online at

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Section: Pgi Genotype Metabolic Rate and Lifespansupporting

confidence: 82%

A long life in the fast lane: positive association between peak metabolic rate and lifespan in a butterfly

Niitepõld

Hanski

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Host preference is a key driver of habitat use in phytophagous insects such as butterflies, and there is strong evidence both for a heritable component to host plant preference [1,[20][21][22] as well as for its rapid evolution [23]. Range expansion should therefore involve the spread of generalist phenotypes, which will, in turn, cause a shift in population ecology from local-to regional-scale adaptation in the new parts of the range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution on the move: specialization on widespread resources associated with rapid range expansion in response to climate change

et al. 2014

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Generalist species and phenotypes are expected to perform best under rapid environmental change. In contrast to this view that generalists will inherit the Earth, we find that increased use of a single host plant is associated with the recent climate-driven range expansion of the UK brown argus butterfly. Field assays of female host plant preference across the UK reveal a diversity of adaptations to host plants in long-established parts of the range, whereas butterflies in recently colonized areas are more specialized, consistently preferring to lay eggs on one host plant species that is geographically widespread throughout the region of expansion, despite being locally rare. By common-garden rearing of females' offspring, we also show an increase in dispersal propensity associated with the colonization of new sites. Range expansion is therefore associated with an increase in the spatial scale of adaptation as dispersive specialists selectively spread into new regions. Major restructuring of patterns of local adaptation is likely to occur across many taxa with climate change, as lineages suited to regional colonization rather than local success emerge and expand.

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“…Consequently, PGI can be considered a gene of large and pleiotropic effects (see also Orsini et al 2009, Klemme & Hanski 2009). In another Fig.…”

Section: Genetic Make-up Of Thermal Adaptation In Lycaena Tityrusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring plastic and genetic responses to temperature variation using copper butterflies

Fischer¹,

Karl²

2010

Clim. Res.

100

107

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Variable thermal environments experienced by most organisms warrant mechanisms to adjust the expression of phenotypic values to environmental needs. Here we explored short-(mainly developmental plasticity) and long-term effects (genetic differentiation across altitudes) of temperature variation using copper butterflies as model organisms. Lower compared to higher developmental temperatures yielded predictable variation by increasing development time, body size, total food consumption, the efficiency of converting digested food into body matter, and cold stress resistance, but decreasing daily food consumption, assimilation efficiency, body fat and protein content, weight loss at metamorphosis, the proportion of directly developing individuals, pupal melanisation and heat stress resistance. While variation in temperature stress resistance and developmental pathways is likely to reflect adaptive phenotypic plasticity, the reasons underlying variation in other traits are less clear. High-altitude populations showed increased development time, egg size, flight performance, wing and pupal melanisation and cold stress resistance, but decreased body fat content and heat stress resistance, compared to low-altitude populations. The differences seem to be mainly caused by thermal adaptation and seasonal time constraints. Cold stress resistance was related to variation at the phosphoglucose isomerase locus, and variation in heat stress resistance showed patterns similar to variation in the expression of stress-inducible heat shock proteins. High-altitude populations showed clearly reduced plasticity in heat stress tolerance, which may pose a substantial problem, given the rising temperatures at a global scale.

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Heritability of and strong single gene (Pgi) effects on life‐history traits in the Glanville fritillary butterfly

Cited by 45 publications

References 51 publications

A long life in the fast lane: positive association between peak metabolic rate and lifespan in a butterfly

A long life in the fast lane: positive association between peak metabolic rate and lifespan in a butterfly

Evolution on the move: specialization on widespread resources associated with rapid range expansion in response to climate change

Exploring plastic and genetic responses to temperature variation using copper butterflies

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