Herbicidal efficacy of harzianums produced by the biofertilizer fungus, Trichoderma brevicompactum

Abstract

Herbicides are important tools for weed control in modern agriculture. In the search for potential herbicidal natural products from fungal species, harzianum A and B were identified from the biofertilizer fungus, Trichoderma brevicompactum. In the phytotoxicity assays on the dicot species Brassica chinensis, harzianum A and B reduced both shoot and root lengths at low concentrations and inhibited the seed germination at 2 μg mL −1. In addition, harzianum A and B also exhibited phytotoxicity against monocots, Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare and Echinochloa crusgalli L. Beauv.. Compared with a common herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, harzianum A and B performed similar activity in a pot assay, and were more effective in post-emergence than pre-emergence conditions. Harzianum A and B have potential as efficient herbicide for controlling important dicotyledon and monocotyledon weeds at low concentrations. They can be sprayed in liquid form in both pre-and post-emergence conditions. Our results confirmed the importance of these molecules for the development of new herbicides.

Phytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from Fungi

“…They consisted of the core sesquiterpenoid structure (12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene) connected with a linear polyketide-derived substituent (octa-2,4,6-trienedioyl) via an ester bond at C-4. Both harzianums A ( 380 ) and B ( 381 ) reduced both shoot and root lengths at low concentrations and inhibited the seed germination of Brassica chinensis , Oryza sativa , Echinochloa crusgalli at 2 μg/mL [ 250 ].…”

Trichoderma: A Treasure House of Structurally Diverse Secondary Metabolites With Medicinal Importance

“…Additionally, isolation of the same fungus yielded two new trichothecenes, trichobreols D (18) and E (19) (Yamazaki et al, 2020b). Harzianums A (20) and B (21), two trichothecenes linked with octa-2,4,6-trienedioyl moiety, were isolated from the biofertilizer fungus T. brevicompactum (CGMCC19618) (Yin et al, 2020). From a marine fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum, three trichothecenes, trichothecinol A ( 22), 8-deoxy-trichothecin (23), and trichothecinol B (24) were yielded (Du et al, 2020).…”

“…In phytotoxicity assays, harzianums A (20) and B (21) decreased the shoot and root lengths of the dicot species Brassica chinensis and induced inhibitory effect of seed germination at 2 µg/mL (Yin et al, 2020). Moreover, 20 and 21 showed phytotoxicity against monocots, Oryza sativa and Echinochloa crusgalli, compared with the positive control 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (a chlorophenoxy herbicide most commonly used worldwide).…”

Sustainable Approaches of Trichoderma under Changing Environments for Vegetable Production

“…The efficiency of this approach was comparable with the traditional mineral fertilization one . Biofertilizers have themagical ability to support plant growth and its development (Yin et al 2020). On the other hand, biosafety criteria, based on the European Regulation 2019/1009, are needed for microorganism selection as biofertilizers or bio-stimulants (Barros-Rodríguez et al 2020).…”