Herbal extract targets in Leishmania tropica

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the effect of some herbal extract such as phenolic compounds on the viability of Leishmania tropica promastigotes in vitro. Four tested chemical agents (caffeic acid (CA), ferulic acid (FA), syringic acid (SA) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA)) were used in this study. The viability of Leishmania tropica promastigotes was investigated under five different concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg/ml) of each agent after (72 h). CA was the most active agent on the promastigotes viability after 72 h exposure to 30 mg/ml concentration so that the parasiticidal effect reach (53 9 10 4 ) promastigote/ml. FA is the second agent in parasiticidal effect that parasiticidal effect reach to (50 9 10 4 promastigote/ml) at a concentration (30 mg/ml), 4-HBA is the third agent in parasiticidal effect that reach to (48 9 10 4 promastigote/ml) at a concentration (30 mg/ml), SA is the weakest agent in parasiticidal activity that reach to (44 9 10 4 promastigote/ml) at a concentration (30 mg/ml). It can be concluded that (CA, FA, SA and 4-HBA) possess acidal effect on the Leishmania tropica promastigotes in vitro.

Achievement amastigotes of Leishmania infantum and investigation of pathological changes in the tissues of infected golden hamsters

“…Most of our knowledge about molecular biology and biochemistry of the Leishmania species is related to the promastigote form, because of its relatively easily cultured in vitro conditions (Pan et al 1993). Since promastigote is present in the insect vector, it is not an appropriate target for discovering antileishmanial drugs, vaccines and diagnostic markers in Leishmania reservoirs (Fumarola et al 2004;Mohammad et al 2015). Therefore, having real and pure amastigote can be an appropriate target for designing vaccines and diagnostic approaches in Leishmania.…”

Evaluation of photodynamic therapy against Leishmania tropica promastigotes using different photosensitizers

“…Currently applied treatment modalities can differ from patient to patient depending on factors, such as the type of leishmania species, clinical symptoms, and immune system characteristics of the patients 2 . Cutaneous leishmaniasis does not have an effective treatment with little side effects, and recently new, inexpensive, easy to apply methods having less adverse effects such as the application of new chemical or herbal agents and photodynamic therapy have been intensively investigated 3–6 …”

“…2 Cutaneous leishmaniasis does not have an effective treatment with little side effects, and recently new, inexpensive, easy to apply methods having less adverse effects such as the application of new chemical or herbal agents and photodynamic therapy have been intensively investigated. [3][4][5][6] Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is based on the interaction of light at a suitable wavelength with a photosensitizer in the presence of molecular oxygen. The interaction of light triggers photochemical reactions in the photosensitizer that lead to the production of reactive oxygen species, which are responsible for cell death.…”