Herbaceous plants in the understory of a pitch canker-affected Pinus radiata plantation are endophytically infected with Fusarium circinatum

Hernandez‐Escribano, Laura; Iturritxa, Eugenia; Elvira‐Recuenco, Margarita; Berbegal, Mónica; Campos, Juan Antonio; Renobales, Gustavo; García, I.; Raposo, Rosa

doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2017.12.001

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…F. circinatum was recovered after 507 days, up to 27% of the wood pieces from naturally colonized branches and needles placed on soil at two locations [48]. Fusarium circinatum is also able to colonize herbaceous hosts as an endophyte and senescent segments of this hosts fallen in the soil but infected by the fungus can cause disease in pine seedlings growing next to them [67]. Asexual fruiting bodies of D. sapinea are commonly encountered on dead tissue and the conidia are easily transmitted by wind, rain splash and humans to new areas [7,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Infection of Canker Pathogens, Fusarium circinatum and Diplodia sapinea, in Asymptomatic Trees in Pinus radiata and Pinus pinaster Plantations

Hernandez‐Escribano

Iturritxa

Aragonés

et al. 2018

Forests

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The existence of a latent stage within host tissue of the pine pathogens Fusarium circinatum and Diplodia sapinea, the causal agents of pitch canker and shoot blight disease respectively, has previously been cited. However, studies on this cryptic phase in each disease lifecycle has only been focused on the host aerial parts but not on the roots. Therefore, our objective was to analyze the presence of both pathogens in roots of non-symptomatic mature trees in plantations where the pathogens are known to be causing canker symptoms. For that, we sampled roots from ten non-symptomatic and ten symptomatic trees in three Pinus radiata and one Pinus pinaster plantations in Basque Country, Spain. Both pathogens were isolated from roots of non-symptomatic trees in a higher frequency than from roots of symptomatic trees, 23.3% and 6.6% respectively for D. sapinea and 16.6% and 3.3% respectively for F. circinatum. Neither pathogens was detected in the P. pinaster plantation. The two pathogens were never isolated from the same tree. A high molecular variability was observed for D. sapinea isolates with six different haplotypes and two mating types for the eleven characterized isolates, but only one haplotype and mating type was found for F. circinatum, with all isolates of both fungi being proved pathogenic. These results evidence the importance root infection may have in the disease lifecycle and, therefore, disease management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Infection of Canker Pathogens, Fusarium circinatum and Diplodia sapinea, in Asymptomatic Trees in Pinus radiata and Pinus pinaster Plantations

Hernandez‐Escribano

Iturritxa

Aragonés

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…erecta, Pentameris pallida, and one unidentified species) was published for the first time in 2012 [24]. Recently, F. circinatum has been isolated from non-symptomatic plant species belonging to the Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, and Poaceae families, and from Hypochaeris radicata seeds [25]. The role these herbaceous plants may have in the general life cycle of the pathogen still needs to be elucidated.…”

Section: Emergency Measures and Contingency Plansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The success of the eradication programme can also be compromised by the ecology of the pathogen. The presence of Fusarium circinatum as a symptomless endophyte on herbaceous plants could affect the occurrence of the disease in pine nurseries and forest and, consequently, the management costs [24,25]. On the other hand, eradication programmes allow for a significant reduction of the damage and the protection of ecosystem services provided by trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EU Legislation on Forest Plant Health: An Overview with a Focus on Fusarium circinatum

Vettraino

Potting

Raposo

2018

Forests

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The increase in arrivals of new forest pests highlights the need for effective phytosanitary legislation and measures. This paper introduces legislation targeted at prevention and management of potential introductions of forest pests and pathogens. An overview is given on plant health regulations on global and regional level with detailed information on the situation in the European Union (EU). The current and new European legislation is discussed, and a particular focus is given on eradication and contingency plans for Fusarium circinatum. We identified key aspects relevant for the improvement of the efficacy of measures aimed to prevent alien pests.

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“…This kind of asymptomatic biotrophic phase of F. circinatum can also occur in other understorey plant species from the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Rosaceae families (Hernandez-Escribano et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 94%

Pest survey card on Fusarium circinatum

Mart¹,

Vos²

2020

EFSA Supporting Publications

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The European Commission requested EFSA (M-2017-0137) to assist the Member States to plan annual survey activities of quarantine organisms using a statistically sound and risk-based pest survey approach, in line with current international standards. Fusarium circinatum is a Union quarantine pest that is currently present in Spain and Portugal. It is an ascomycete fungal pathogen and the causal agent of pitch canker disease. It enters the hosts through wounds in the plant tissues and the spores are spread naturally by wind, splashing water or by insects. Host plant species are available throughout the EU and the climate is suitable for the establishment of the pest in almost the entire EU territory. Detection surveys should mainly focus on Pinus spp. and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Delimiting surveys should include all known host plants of F. circinatum that can be found in the survey area.The main risk activities relevant for surveillance are the exchange of propagation material of Pinus spp. or P. menziesii and the import of wood material or plant material for decorative purposes (e.g. Christmas trees). Visual inspection is effective for the detection of F. circinatum on adult trees because symptoms can be found on almost all plant parts, whereas in forest nurseries it is not reliable due to the possibility of asymptomatic infection in seedlings. Moreover, for seeds there are no visual symptoms that can be observed. When symptoms of pine pitch canker (PPC) are observed, samples should be taken for laboratory confirmation of F. circinatum. Molecular methods are preferred for the laboratory identification.

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Herbaceous plants in the understory of a pitch canker-affected Pinus radiata plantation are endophytically infected with Fusarium circinatum

Cited by 29 publications

References 54 publications

Root Infection of Canker Pathogens, Fusarium circinatum and Diplodia sapinea, in Asymptomatic Trees in Pinus radiata and Pinus pinaster Plantations

Root Infection of Canker Pathogens, Fusarium circinatum and Diplodia sapinea, in Asymptomatic Trees in Pinus radiata and Pinus pinaster Plantations

EU Legislation on Forest Plant Health: An Overview with a Focus on Fusarium circinatum

Pest survey card on Fusarium circinatum

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