Hepatosplenic γδ T‐cell lymphoma: relation to Epstein–Barr virus and activated cytotoxic molecules

Abstract

Our gammadelta TCL cases were clinicopathologically considered to be compatible with hepatosplenic gammadelta T-cell lymphoma. However, with regard to EBV association, activated cytotoxic profile and cytological features they resembled non-hepatosplenic gammadelta TCL. EBV may play a role in this disease by inducing cellular activation.

Epstein-Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative disorders

“…T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders that have been reported to be EBV associated include a subset of peripheral T-cell lymphomas [78,79], AILT [80,81], extranodal nasal type NK/T-cell lymphoma [82], enteropathy-type T-cell lymphoma [83,84], γδ T-cell lymphomas (hepatosplenic and nonhepatosplenic) [85,86], T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders after chronic EBV infection [87], EBV-associated cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (especially in Asia) [88], and aggressive NK-cell leukemia/lymphoma [89].…”

“…Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma is a rare aggressive subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma derived from cytotoxic T cells, usually of the γδ T-cell receptor type, and is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly and cytopenias [85,103]. Because γδ T cells have preferential homing to the sinusoidal areas, marked sinusoidal infiltration is noted in both the liver and spleen [104].…”

“…Because γδ T cells have preferential homing to the sinusoidal areas, marked sinusoidal infiltration is noted in both the liver and spleen [104]. EBV has been reported to be not associated with hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma in most studies [103,105,106]; however, few studies have reported the detection of EBV genome by Southern blot and in situ hybridization in patients with the disease [85,107]. A hypothesized possible role for EBV in the pathogenesis of the disease can be debated because of the inconsistent EBV detection, although one may argue that it may play a role via chronic antigen exposure [85].…”

Original paper Evaluation of the role of Epstein-Barr virus in cases of nodal or extranodal T- and NK-cell lymphoma using eber in situ hybridization

“…An association between EBV and Original paper evaluatiOn Of the rOle Of epstein-Barr virus in cases Of nOdal Or extranOdal t-and nK-cell lymphOma using eBer in situ hyBridizatiOn nasal NK/T-cell lymphomas has been demonstrated [5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Recent studies on various other subtypes of T-and NK-cell lymphomas, such as peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL, NOS) [18,19], angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITCL) [20], enteropathy type T-cell lymphoma (ETTCL) [21,22], and hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HST-CL) [23], have also reported a possible role for EBV as an aetiopathogenetic factor. In most T-and NK-cell neoplasms, EBV latency type II has been reported expressing the latency proteins LMP-1, 2a, 2b, EBNA1 and EBERs [24].…”

Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma and TNF-α inhibitors

“…Several immunocompromised conditions described in the literature include renal transplantation, heart transplantation, Hodgkin lymphoma, acute myelogenous leukemia, inflammatory bowel disease and malaria infection [4][5][6]13,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Cases of HSTCL are also associated with viral infections, including human herpes virus 6, hepatitis B virus, and Epstein-Barr virus [33,34].…”