Hepatorenal toxicity studies of sub-chronic administration of calyx aqueous extracts of hibiscus sabdariffa in albino rats

Abstract

Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn has been reported to have a broad range of therapeutic effects. Subchronic effects of calyces aqueous extracts of H. Sabdariffa were studied in albino rats. Twenty four (24) albino rats were randomly divided into six (6) groups of four rats each. Group A, was fed with growers mesh and distilled water as control. Groups B to F were administered orally with the aqueous extract at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5g /kg body weight respectively and the treatment period was 28 days. A decreased in weights of the animals were observed at all dose levels. The activities of liver maker enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) and direct bilirubin increased significantly (p<0.05) in comparison to the control. However, non significant (p>0.05) increase in concentrations of total protein and albumin were observed in comparison to the control. The renal indices, urea, uric acid and creatinine in the treated groups were significantly increased compared to the control but a significant decrease (p<0.001) in sodium (Na + ) and potassium (K + ) were noted in comparison to the control. Although the results revealed a dose dependant variation in the liver and renal indices, nonetheless these results suggest that high dose of calyx extracts of H.sabdariffa may be toxic to liver and kidney.

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“…The previous study on water extract of rosella also found that treatment on higher dose increased the ureum and creatinine level significantly 22,23,13,15 . This finding confirms the data of toxicity of rosella extract on renal function for long duration treatment.…”

“…Some damage in the kidney could be in the form of necrosis, cell proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hemorrhage. Various studies have been conducted to evaluate the safety of roselle as a traditional medicine [10][11][12][13][14] . It was reported the subchronic treatment of a high dose of water extract of roselle in albino rats could affect the kidney function with parameters of urea, creatinine and uric acid 13 .…”

“…Various studies have been conducted to evaluate the safety of roselle as a traditional medicine [10][11][12][13][14] . It was reported the subchronic treatment of a high dose of water extract of roselle in albino rats could affect the kidney function with parameters of urea, creatinine and uric acid 13 . High dose treatment of rosella extract showed a significant decrease in serum potassium, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels.…”

Effects of methanolic calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa on body weight, blood cholesterol and liver marker enzymes in Wistar rats

“…This study evaluated the effects of H. sabdariffa methanolic calyx extract on the body weight, cholesterol and liver marker enzymes activities of normal male albino rats. The decrease in the values on body weight when Olatunji et al (2005) observed no significant decrease in body weight among rats that were chronically treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg The loss of appetite in the treated animal models due to daily administration of H. sabdariffa extracts had previously been suggested (Abubakar et al, 2010;Orisakwe et al, 2003). This reduction in the body weight could also be directly attributed to the observed hypocholesterolemic property of this extract, owing to the fact that cholesterol significantly contributes to the total fat content of an individual.…”

Potential Application of Tetrapleura tetraptera and Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae) in Designing Highly Flavoured and Bioactive Pito with Functional Properties

“…Liver and kidney indices (AST, ALT, ALP, and direct bilirubin) significantly increased, indicating organ dysfunction, when 1-5 g/kg of calyx extracts of HS was fed to rats. Furthermore, at dose levels of 2, 3, 4, and 5 g/kg, the levels of creatinine, urea, and uric acid increased significantly compared to the control group [129]. Conversely, [130] reported that extracts of HS did not manifest acute toxicity in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats even at an amount of 5000 mg/kg body weight.…”