Hepatoprotective Principles and Other Chemical Constituents from the Mycelium of Phellinus linteus

Abstract

In the dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic fibrosis Wistar rat model, the mycelium extract of Phellinus linteus (PLE) (20 mg/Kg) displayed significant protection against hepatic fibrosis. The present investigation characterized eleven new ionone derivatives, phellinulins D–N (4–14), from the P. linteus mycelium extract and the relative stereochemical structures were constructed according to the spectroscopic and spectrometric analytical results. Some purified compounds were examined for their inhibitory effects on activated rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and several isolates did exhibit significant protection. The results indicated that the mycelium of P. linteus could be explored as a hepatoprotective drug or healthy food candidate in the near future.

A Review: The Bioactivities and Pharmacological Applications of Phellinus linteus

“…Terpenoids are also the major bioactive constituents of the mycelium of P. linteus and are important secondary metabolites. To date, phytochemists have discovered 13 kinds of terpenoids from the mycelium of P. linteus with pharmacological activity [29,30,40,69]. It was reported that phellilane L ( 16 ), phellidene E ( 17 ), and (−)- trans -γ-monocyclofarnesol ( 18 ) exhibited antimicrobial activities against P. gingivalis [29,30].…”

“…In addition, atractylenolide I ( 19 ) was revealed to have antitumor activity [40]. Furthermore, phellinulin D ( 20 ), phellinulin E ( 21 ), phellinulin F ( 22 ), phellinulin G ( 23 ), phellinulin H ( 24 ), phellinulin I ( 25 ), phellinulin K ( 26 ), phellinulin M ( 27 ), and phellinulin N ( 28 ) isolated from the mycelium of P. linteus were indicated to have a hepatoprotective effect [69]. Furthermore, the chemical structure of terpenoid components is clearly correlated with pharmaceutical activities, and this relationship will be the subject of increasing research attention in the future.…”

“…Ellagic acid ( 33 ) from the fruiting body of P. linteus was shown to have antidiabetic effects [65]. Phellilin C ( 34 ), γ-ionylideneacetic acid ( 35 ), and phellinulin A ( 36 ) from the mycelium of P. linteus exhibited a hepatoprotective effect [54,69]. Hispolon ( 37 ) from the mycelium of P. linteus exhibited anti-inflammatory activity [7,9].…”

Protective Effects of Phellinus linteus Mycelium on the Development of Osteoarthritis after Monosodium Iodoacetate Injection

“…The various components including polyphenols, pyrans, polysaccharides, and triterpenoids play a significant role in improving the health condition [ 23 , 24 ]. Above all, Phellinus linteus mycelium (PLM) was used as medicines or healthy foods to treat several diseases such as infections, ulcer, cancer, and diabetes [ 25 ]. In the previous reports, PLM showed wide spectrum of bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antiviral, and antidiabetic effects [ 26 – 28 ].…”

Vasodilatory Effect of Phellinus linteus Extract in Rat Mesenteric Arteries

“…Phellinus linteus is a well-known medicinal mushroom that is widely used in Korea, Japan, China, and other Asian countries [ 5 ]. In several experimental models, it has been reported that Phellinus linteus extract contains various phenolic compounds that exert various biological effects, including anti-inflammatory [ 6 , 7 ], anti-cancer [ 8 , 9 ], hepatoprotective [ 10 , 11 ], anti-diabetic [ 12 , 13 ], and neuroprotective [ 14 , 15 ] effects. Recently, it has been shown that Phellinus linteus exhibited anti-angiogenic activity in mice [ 16 , 17 ].…”