Hepatoprotective effect of manual acupuncture at acupoint GB34 against CCl<sub>4</sub>-induced chronic liver damage in rats

Yim, Yun-Kyoung; Lee, Hyun; Hong, Kihyon; Kim, Young Il; Lee, Byung-Ryul; Kim, Tae-Han; Yi, Ji-Young

doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i14.2245

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…According to the World Health Organization Standard Acupuncture Point Locations (World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific, 2008), GB20 is located “in the anterior region of the neck, inferior to the occipital bone, in the depression between the origins of the sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius muscles.” The anatomical position of GB20 in the rat is located 3 mm from the midpoint of the two ear connecting lines behind the head [29]. The rat GB34, which is determined according to the GB34 position in humans, is located at the depression anterior and inferior to the head of the fibula [38, 39] (Figure 1(b)).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hyperalgesia and Vasoactive Neurotransmitters in a Rat Model of Conscious Recurrent Migraine

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Migraine onset is associated with the abnormal release of vasoactive neurotransmitters from perivascular nerves, and these neurotransmitters are involved in the pathophysiology of migraine. Hyperalgesia is a key feature of migraine, and accumulating evidence indicates that electroacupuncture (EA) at the single acupuncture point (Fengchi [GB20]) is effective in ameliorating hyperalgesia. In clinical practice, multiple acupuncture points are widely used, especially GB20 and Yanglingquan (GB34). However, the role played by vasoactive neurotransmitters in acupuncture antihyperalgesic effect at the single or multiple acupuncture points remains unknown. We aimed to determine whether EA would exert its antihyperalgesic effects by modulating vasoactive neurotransmitter release from the perivascular nerves. Furthermore, we examined whether targeting multiple acupuncture points would be more effective than targeting a single point in reducing hyperalgesia. The mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were evaluated by measuring the facial and hind-paw mechanical withdrawal thresholds, tail-flick and hot-plate latencies. Plasma concentrations of vasoactive neurotransmitters were determined using rat-specific ELISA kits from jugular vein, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), nitric oxide (NO), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). The result suggested that EA significantly ameliorated the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, reduced c-Fos levels in the trigeminal ganglion, and attenuated plasma and dural levels of vasoactive neurotransmitters, especially in the multiple acupuncture points group (GB20+GB34). In conclusion, EA exerts antihyperalgesic effect in a rat model of conscious recurrent migraine, possibly via modulation of the vasoactive neurotransmitters. Furthermore, targeting multiple acupuncture points is more effective than targeting a single point in reducing hyperalgesia.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hyperalgesia and Vasoactive Neurotransmitters in a Rat Model of Conscious Recurrent Migraine

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Liu et al [ 4 ] reported that electroacupuncture (EA) at PC6 mitigated endotoxin-induced liver dysfunction in rats. Yim et al [ 5 ] reported that acupuncture at GB34 reduced CCl 4 -induced liver toxicity and protected liver function. Moreover, EA at LR3 and TE4 was reported to prevent experimental acute liver failure (ALF) in rats [ 6 ], and acupuncture at LR3 prevented hepatocellular apoptosis [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Mitochondria-Related Gene Expression upon Acupuncture at LR3 in the D-Galactosamine-Induced Liver Damage Rat Model

Lee

Choi

Cheon

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Hepatic diseases, such as hepatonecrosis, hepatitis, and hepatocirrhosis, are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species generation and inflammation, ultimately leading to liver failure. In this study, we examined if acupuncture at LR3 can affect mitochondria-related gene expression in a liver damage model of experimentally induced acute liver failure (ALF). ALF was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (D-GalN) in experimental rats, who then received either sham (ALF), manual acupuncture (MA), electroacupuncture (EA), or silymarin (PC, positive control) treatment. Liver tissues were extracted from experimental and untreated control rats for histopathological analysis and expression profiling of genes involved in mitochondrial function. Of the 168 mitochondria-related genes profiled, two genes belonging to the solute-carrier transporter family (Slc25a15 and Slc25a25) and Ndufb7 were upregulated. Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase was more downregulated in MA than ALF. Furthermore, MA reversed D-GalN-induced inflammatory cell infiltration, destruction of hepatic cell plates, and increase in the levels of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. MA at LR3 can reduce the risk of D-GalN-induced ALF by inducing the expression of metabolic and inflammation-related genes and regulating proinflammatory factor production in hepatic mitochondria.

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“…GB34 is an acupoint of the foot Shaoyang gallbladder Meridian, and acupuncture at GB34 may improve the function of the liver and the gallbladder 3 , 14 . Treatment of biliary diseases by acupuncture at GB34 has a long history and can be traced to the ancient medical book of Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-directional regulation of acupuncture on extrahepatic biliary system: An approach in guinea pigs

Zhao

Luo

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Clinically, acupuncture affects the motility of the extrahepatic biliary tract, but the underlining mechanisms are still unknown. We applied manual acupuncture (MA) and electrical acupuncture (EA) separately at acupoints Tianshu (ST25), Qimen (LR14), Yanglingquan (GB34), and Yidan (CO11) in forty guinea pigs (4 groups) with or without atropinization under anesthesia while Sphincter of Oddi (SO) myoelectric activities and gallbladder pressure were monitored. In both MA and EA groups, stimulation at ST25 or LR14 significantly increased the frequency and amplitude of SO myoelectrical activities and simultaneously decreased the gallbladder pressure as compared to the pre-MA and pre-EA (P < 0.05). On the contrary, stimulation at GB34 or CO11 significantly decreased SO myoelectricity and increased the gallbladder pressure (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with atropine could abolish the effect of stimulation at acupoints ST25, GB34 and LR14 (P > 0.05), although significant myoelectricity increases were still inducible with MA or EA stimulation at CO11 (P < 0.05). In summary, acupuncture has bi-directional effects to gallbladder pressure and SO function, which probably due to autonomic reflex and somatovisceral interactions.

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Hepatoprotective effect of manual acupuncture at acupoint GB34 against CCl₄-induced chronic liver damage in rats

Abstract: Manual acupuncture with reinforcing manipulation techniques at left GB34 reduces liver toxicity, protects liver function and liver tissue, and normalizes immune activity in CCl4-intoxicated rats.

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hyperalgesia and Vasoactive Neurotransmitters in a Rat Model of Conscious Recurrent Migraine

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hyperalgesia and Vasoactive Neurotransmitters in a Rat Model of Conscious Recurrent Migraine

Changes in Mitochondria-Related Gene Expression upon Acupuncture at LR3 in the D-Galactosamine-Induced Liver Damage Rat Model

Bi-directional regulation of acupuncture on extrahepatic biliary system: An approach in guinea pigs

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Hepatoprotective effect of manual acupuncture at acupoint GB34 against CCl4-induced chronic liver damage in rats

Abstract: Manual acupuncture with reinforcing manipulation techniques at left GB34 reduces liver toxicity, protects liver function and liver tissue, and normalizes immune activity in CCl4-intoxicated rats.

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hyperalgesia and Vasoactive Neurotransmitters in a Rat Model of Conscious Recurrent Migraine

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hyperalgesia and Vasoactive Neurotransmitters in a Rat Model of Conscious Recurrent Migraine

Changes in Mitochondria-Related Gene Expression upon Acupuncture at LR3 in the D-Galactosamine-Induced Liver Damage Rat Model

Bi-directional regulation of acupuncture on extrahepatic biliary system: An approach in guinea pigs

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Hepatoprotective effect of manual acupuncture at acupoint GB34 against CCl₄-induced chronic liver damage in rats