Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatocyte damage in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Abstract

The present study is aiming at evaluating the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract (2.5, 5 and 10 μg/ml) on the carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced carp hepatocyte damage in vitro. Glycyrrhiza glabra extract was added to the carp primary hepatocytes before (pre-treatment), after (post-treatment) and both before and after (pre- and post-treatment) the incubation of the hepatocytes with CCl(4). CCl(4) at 8 mM in the culture medium produced significantly elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamate oxalate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly reduced levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Pre-treatment (5 μg/ml) and pre- and post-treatment (5 and 10 μg/ml) of the hepatocytes with Glycyrrhiza glabra extract significantly reduced the elevated levels of LDH, GOT, GPT and MDA and increased the reduced levels of SOD and GSH-Px by CCl(4); post-treatment of the hepatocytes with Glycyrrhiza glabra extract at 5 μg/ml reduced the GPT and GOT levels and increased the GSH-Px level, but had no effect on the other parameters at all the studied concentrations. The results support the use of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract as a hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent in fish.

Toxicity of 8-Hydroxyquinoline in Cryprinus carpio Using the Acute Toxicity Test, Hepatase Activity Analysis and the Comet Assay

“…1 The comet scale of hepatic cells induced by 8-HOQ in Cryprinus carpio (9400), a four-class classification based on tail moment adopted from Anderson et al (1994) and Nan et al (2013a, b (Nan et al 2013a, b). This was similar to the research results on aminotransferase responses to other poisonous substances (Tepe et al 2008;Tigano et al 2009;Yin et al 2011;Saravanan et al 2012), such as changes in cytomembrane permeability of hepatic cells following seepage of GPT and GOT from hepatic tissue into blood plasma. It is important to note that hepatic GOT and GPT activities may be potential biomarkers of 8-HOQ toxicity, consistent with pesticide persistence in fish observed here and requires further study.…”

Side-Effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on the Liver in Dogs and Hepatoprotective Effect of Plant Remedies

“…In human medicine, some authors have indicated that liquorice increases potassium excretion from the body and elevates the concentration of sodium in the blood (1,8,11,16,30,34). These observations were not confirmed in the present trial and there was no linear tendency over time for these parameters in the dogs.…”

“…The cause of necrosis in these dogs seems to depend on herbal components but this thesis requires additional research. Furthermore, this result is not reflected by the results of blood examination and descriptions of the cited authors (16,25,34). Hepatic necrosis was not observed in the dogs that were treated with robenacoxib alone.…”

Toxicity effect of dichlorvos on loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) assessed by micronucleus test, hepatase activity analysis and comet assay

“…The 1% damage of liver cell can double the concentration of GPT/GOT in the blood serum. Thus, the GPT/GOT levels help in monitoring the damage level of liver (Yin et al, 2011). The results of our enzymatic activity analysis indicated that DDVP indeed could decrease the activity of liver GPT/GOT and increase the activity of serum GPT/GOT, showing both the time-dependent and concentrationdependent relationships (Table 2).…”