Hepatocellular carcinoma with sarcomatous change arising after radiofrequency ablation for well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma

Insufficient radiofrequency ablation therapy may induce further malignant transformation of hepatocellular carcinoma

“…RFA is now an important option among the treatment strategies against HCC. On the other hand, local recurrences with rapid progression of HCC after RFA have been reported [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Patients with this type of recurrence usually have an unfavorable prognosis.…”

“…Additionally, recent reports have raised a concern that RFA may predispose to a local recurrence that harbors an aggressive phenotype and unfavorable prognosis, suggesting that RFA may induce further malignant transformation of HCC [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Actual therapeutic efficacy of pre-transplant treatment on hepatocellular carcinoma and its impact on survival after salvage living donor liver transplantation

“…In addition, after incomplete locoregional therapy, sarcomatous changes have been reported. 7 With subsequent liver transplantation, damage to vital vascular structures can occur (hepatic artery, portal vein) which may affect the outcome of liver transplantation. Therefore, pre-LT therapy for HCC may increase the possibility of unfavorable changes in HCC and mask the possibility of occult HCC in a background liver, thereby compromising the outcome of LT.…”

Concomitant early gallbladder carcinoma with primary sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report

“…The majority of cases are symptomatic with pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Transarterial chemotherapy, chemoembolization or radiofrequency ablation are presumed to promote sarcomatous changes in HCC (9). …”