Hepatocellular carcinoma is rarely present in Western Mexico

Vivas-Arceo, Cecilia

doi:10.1016/s1386-6346(99)00035-2

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…On the other hand, the overall average of prevalence of cirrhosis per year reported by the Mexican Health Secretariat [85] and the low prevalence of HBV infection appear to be associated with the low incidence of HCC reported to date [27,28]. These data are conciliatory with estimates made from the total Mexican population and the lowest percentage of HBsAg-positive patients (1%) who will present with chronic hepatitis per year (n = 3,000) and cirrhosis (20%; n = 600), and for patients with cirrhosis, only 18-30 cases would be expected (3-5%) to develop HCC per year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such low prevalence of HBV infection is associated with a very low incidence of HCC in Mexico City [27] and the west of the country [28], which are the main population regions.…”

Section: Age-related Incidence Prevalence Of Hbv Infection and Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This raises the question about the number of acutely or chronically HBV-infected people in the country, the main risk factors involved in infection transmission, and the prevalence of HBV-related liver diseases and complications. To answer this question, it will be also important to understand why hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare in Mexico [27,28] considering the fact that the main causes of liver cirrhosis are alcohol, followed by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and, only in 5.2% of the cases, HBV [29]. Although obesity along its associated metabolic complications is currently a main health problem in Mexico [30], the burden of their pathophysiological states in the development of liver disease is relatively unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A low steady HBsAg seroprevalence is associated with a low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico: a systematic review

et al. 2008

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To address the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity and HBV-related liver diseases in Mexico. Research literature reporting on HBsAg and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) prevalence in Mexican study groups were searched in NLM Gateway, PubMed, IMBIOMED, and others. Weighted mean prevalence (WMP) was calculated from the results of each study group. A total of 50 studies were analyzed. Three nationwide surveys revealed an HBsAg seroprevalence of less than 0.3%. Horizontal transmission of HBV infection occurred mainly by sexual activity and exposure to both contaminated surgical equipment and body fluids. High-risk groups exposed to these factors included healthcare workers, pregnant women, female sex workers, hemodialysis patients, and emergency department attendees with an HBsAg WMP ranging from 1.05% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68-1.43) to 14.3% (95% CI, 9.5-19.1). A higher prevalence of anti-HBc in adults than those younger than 20 years was associated with the main risk factors. Anti-HBc WMP ranged from 3.13% (95% CI, 3.01-3.24) in blood donors to 27.7% (95% CI, 21.6-33.9) in hemodialysis patients. A heterogeneous distribution of HBV infection was detected, mainly in native Mexican groups with a high anti-HBc WMP of 42.0% (95% CI, 39.5-44.3) but with a low HBsAg WMP of 2.9% (95% CI 2.08-3.75). Estimations of the Mexican population growth rate and main risk factors suggest that HBsAg seroprevalence has remained steady since 1974. A low HBsAg prevalence is related to the low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) previously reported in Mexico.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such low prevalence of HBV infection is associated with a very low incidence of HCC in Mexico City [27] and the west of the country [28], which are the main population regions.…”

Section: Age-related Incidence Prevalence Of Hbv Infection and Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A low steady HBsAg seroprevalence is associated with a low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico: a systematic review

et al. 2008

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“…In Mexico, the prevalence of HBsAg positive blood donors ranges from 0.15 to 1.4% [Alvarez-Muñ oz et al, 1991;Tanaka, 2000], and hepatocellular carcinoma is rare [Vivas-Arceo et al, 1999]. Since no study has been undertaken previously regarding the genetic characteristics of Mexican HBV strains, the aim was to determine the genotypes, subtypes and variability of HBsAg in strains from chronic carriers and acute hepatitis B cases in Mexico.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the HBV genomes from genotype F strains are the most divergent HBV genomes, it would be important to investigate the effectiveness of protection of the current HBV vaccine, which is produced from HBsAg of genotype A subtype adw2, in a population where genotype F predominates. Although HBV infection with genotype F strains often is associated with an acute self-limited infection, as in Mexico with 0.15 to 1.4% carrier rate, and a low frequency of hepatocellular carcinoma [Alvarez-Muñ oz et al, 1991;Vivas-Arceo et al, 1999;Tanaka, 2000], it is important to investigate if the virulence of the different genotypes of HBV differs in a location where several genotypes are circulating simultaneously.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genotypes and S‐gene variability of Mexican hepatitis B virus strains

Sánchez

Maldonado-González

Bastidas-Ramírez

et al. 2002

Journal of Medical Virology

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The genotypes and subtypes of 15 Mexican hepatitis B virus strains were determined by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the small S-gene. The most predominant strains were found to be divergent genotype/subtype F/adw4 strains (66.6%), followed by A/adw2 (20.0%), D/ayw3 (6.7%), and G/adw2 (6.7%). The S-genes of the Mexican genotype F strains and two Nicaraguan strains described previously formed a subcluster with more than 4% divergence from the other strains within this genotype. The Mexican strains within genotypes A and D showed the highest homology with strains from Europe and the United States. Ten amino acid substitutions not described previously were found in the S-genes of strains from nine chronic carriers, whereas the S gene in strains from six acute hepatitis B patients were highly conserved as compared to their respective genotypes. One genotype F strain from an HBsAg positive chronic carrier had a T to A mutation at position 647, forming a translational stop at codon 216. Two genotype F strains from HBsAg negative chronic carriers had a Val180 instead of an Ala found in the other genotype F strains. This study shows that a divergent genotype F predominates in Mexican strains analyzed, which presented amino acid substitutions not reported previously outside the a determinant.

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