Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities

El-Kassas, Mohamed; Elbadry, Mohamed

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.899420

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This poses the problem of vaccination coverage against viral hepatitis B. The predominance of hepatitis B virus infection is also reported by El-Kass [18] in Egypt, Nartey et al [19] in Ghana and Somé et al [16] in Burkina Faso. A low prevalence of viral hepatitis B virus infection in liver cancer is reported by Giannitrapani et al [20] in Italy, Endo et al [21] in Japan and Lui Yet al [22] in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Profile of people living with cancer followed in the palliative care unit of Parakou, Benin in 2021

ALASSANI¹,

DOVONOU²,

SAKE³

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Introduction: Cancer is a global public health problem. This study focused on the the profile of people living with cancer in Parakou. Study method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study which enrolled people living with cancer followed in the palliative heath care of the internal medicine unit at the Regional University Health Center of Borgou who had given their consent. The variables of the study were: sociodemographic data, nutritional status, comorbidities, circumstances of cancer screening and their location. Data analysis was performed using Epi Data 3.1 software. Results: The study population consisted of 264 people with cancer. A male predominance was observed with a sex ratio of 2.66. The average age was 47.51 years ±13.20. Alcohol consumption was observed in 15.2%. Arterial hypertension was found in 63.6% of subjects. On the nutritional level, malnutrition and weight loss were observed respectively in 68.2% and 98.1% of patients. Abdominal pain, asthenia and weight loss were the main circumstances for cancer screening and were present in 37.1%, 27.6% and 16.7% of participants respectively. Liver cancer was found in the majority (72%) of the participants. Viral hepatitis B was the most common cause with 98.3% Conclusion: cancer affects young adults and is often detected at an advanced stage. The main site is the liver and infection with the hepatitis B virus is found in most of the cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Profile of people living with cancer followed in the palliative care unit of Parakou, Benin in 2021

ALASSANI¹,

DOVONOU²,

SAKE³

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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“…A better survival outcome has been observed only in patients with early-stage HCC who received curative therapy ( 19 ). However, most HCC patients are diagnosed in the advanced stages of the disease and undergo non-curative treatment including targeted therapy, transhepatic arterial chemoembolization, and traditional Chinese medicine, which were not satisfactory given the high incidence of progression and recurrence ( 20 ). T2DM has been proven to be a risk factor for the development of HCC, which promotes the progression and recurrence of HCC after comprehensive treatment ( 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of metformin usage on survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after curative therapy

Yuan

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveMetformin has attracted more attention from researchers for its newly discovered antitumor effects. A meta-analysis was performed to reveal the efficacy of metformin on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) for HCC patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after curative treatment.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang, and Weipu Database up until 31 May 2022 were searched for relevant studies. STATA 13.0 was used to perform the meta-analysis.ResultsA total of six studies involving 5,936 patients were included in our study. The results from the current study revealed that metformin usage can significantly prolong the 3-year [odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–1.83, p = 0.000] and 5-year (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.47–2.41, p = 0.000) OS and decrease the 1-year (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08–1.59, p = 0.007), 3-year (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.48–2.37, p = 0.000), and 5-year (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.40–2.40, p = 0.000) recurrence rates.ConclusionMetformin treatment significantly prolongs the OS and decreases the recurrence rate for HCC patients with T2DM after curative HCC therapy.

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“…HCC is a disease that exhibits marked geographic variability in terms of incidence, largely due to differences in the prevalence of underlying risk factors. In particular, the disease burden is higher in areas with endemic hepatitis B (HBV) such as East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, 8 , 9 while hepatitis C (HCV) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are prominent risk factors for HCC in Europe, North America, and Japan. 10 , 11 Although such differences in chronic liver disease etiologies would be expected to give rise to diverse disease phenotypes with varying recurrence patterns, no clear association with disease aggressiveness has been established.…”

Section: Patterns Of Hcc Recurrence and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Patterns, Detection, Staging and Treatment

Papaconstantinou¹,

Tsilimigras²,

Pawlik³

2022

JHC

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with the incidence of recurrence being as high as 88% even among patients who have undergone curative-intent treatment. Despite improvements in overall survival, recurrence remains a challenge necessitating accurate reappraisal of patient and disease status. To that end, accurate staging of recurrent HCC is a necessity to provide better care for these patients. Risk factors for poor survival after HCC recurrence have been identified and include characteristics of the primary disease, such as tumor multifocality, large size (≥5 cm), macroscopic vascular or microscopic lymphovascular invasion, preoperative a-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, R0 resection, and the presence of impaired liver function. Close surveillance with imaging is warranted following curative-intent therapy, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) being the preferred approach to identify small, early recurrent HCCs. Treatment decisions at the time of recurrence involve ruling out extrahepatic disease and identifying candidates for potentially curative-intent repeat treatment options. Patients with recurrent disease are, however, very diverse in terms of tumor morphology and biologic behavior, as well as residual hepatic functional reserve. Patients with preserved liver function may benefit from repeat liver resection or ablation. Patients with recurrence within the Milan criteria may even be candidates for salvage liver transplantation, while multimodality treatment with combination of liver-directed therapies appears to enhance oncologic outcomes for individuals with advanced recurrent disease. A “one-size-fits-all” approach in staging recurrent HCC does not exist. Rather, individualized and evidence-based decision-making is necessary in order to optimize outcomes for patients with recurrent HCC.

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Profile of people living with cancer followed in the palliative care unit of Parakou, Benin in 2021

Profile of people living with cancer followed in the palliative care unit of Parakou, Benin in 2021

The effect of metformin usage on survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after curative therapy

Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Patterns, Detection, Staging and Treatment

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