Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 4, Nanjing, China, 2001–2011

Xing, Dan; Dong, Chen; Zhou, Zhenxian; Ji, Liang; Dong, Min; Yang, Yan; Fu, Jianguang; Hua, Tian; Wang, Song; Fan, Jie; Meng, Jia; Purdy, Michael A.

doi:10.3201/eid1909.130013

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Evolutionary history and population dynamic studies show that HEV has evolved through a number of steps, in which the ancestors of HEV adapted to a succession of animal hosts, including humans (167) (168). This is in line with other studies that observed within China a decrease in the prevalence of HEV1 accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of HEV4 (169,170).…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 80%

Hepatitis E Virus Infection

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a worldwide disease. An improved understanding of the natural history of HEV infection has been achieved within the last decade. Several reservoirs and transmission modes have been identified. Hepatitis E is an underdiagnosed disease, in part due to the use of serological assays with low sensitivity. However, diagnostic tools, including nucleic acid-based tests, have been improved. The epidemiology and clinical features of hepatitis E differ between developing and developed countries. HEV infection is usually an acute self-limiting disease, but in developed countries it causes chronic infection with rapidly progressive cirrhosis in organ transplant recipients, patients with hematological malignancy requiring chemotherapy, and individuals with HIV. HEV also causes extrahepatic manifestations, including a number of neurological syndromes and renal injury. Acute infection usually requires no treatment, but chronic infection should be treated by reducing immunosuppression in transplant patients and/or the use of antiviral therapy. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the current knowledge about the virus itself, as well as the epidemiology, diagnostics, natural history, and management of HEV infection in developing and developed countries.

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Section: Molecular Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 80%

Hepatitis E Virus Infection

et al. 2014

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“…In contrast, genotypes 3 and 4 underwent an increase in population size starting in the late 19th century. However, a recent study in Nanjing, China, suggested that genotype 4 underwent a relatively recent expansion, in the late 20th century, with no change in the dominant subgenotype 4a over the past decade (168). This is in line with other studies that observed within China a decrease in the prevalence of HEV1 accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of HEV4 (169,170).…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 80%

Hepatitis E virus infection

2017

Nat Rev Dis Primers

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“…The ICTV study group has not defined a permanent system for classification under genotype level (subgenotype or subtypes); however, it has recommended the use of approaches based on labelling clades according to tree topology (Smith et al., ). Thus, genotype HEV‐3 has been divided into three subgenotypes 3.1 (or G3 group 1), 3.2 (or G3 group 2) and 3.3 (Oliveira‐Filho et al., ; Ijaz et al., ), and genotype HEV‐4 has been divided into seven subgenotypes 4 a–g (Dai et al., ).…”

Section: Current Nomenclature Of Hevmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus and Related Viruses in Animals

Thiry

Mauroy

Pavio

et al. 2015

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Hepatitis E is an acute human liver disease in healthy individuals which may eventually become chronic. It is caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV) and can have a zoonotic origin. Nearly 57,000 people die yearly from hepatitis E-related conditions. The disease is endemic in both developing and developed countries with distinct epidemiologic profiles. In developing countries, the disease is associated with inadequate water treatment, while in developed countries, transmission is associated with animal contact and the ingestion of raw or uncooked meat, especially liver. All human HEV are grouped into at least four genotypes, while HEV or HEV-related viruses have been identified in an increasing number of domestic and wild animal species. Despite a high genetic diversity, only one single HEV serotype has been described to date for HEV genotypes 1-4. The discovery of new HEV or HEV-related viruses leads to a continuing increase in the number of genotypes. In addition, the genome organization of all these viruses is variable with overlapping open reading frames (ORF) and differences in the location of ORF3. In spite of the role of some domestic and wild animals as reservoir, the origin of HEV and HEV-related viruses in humans and animals is still unclear. This review discusses aspects of the detection, molecular virology, zoonotic transmission and origin of HEV and HEV-related viruses in the context of 'One Health' and establishes a link between the previous and the new taxonomy of this growing virus family.

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Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 4, Nanjing, China, 2001–2011

Abstract: During 2001–2011, hepatitis E virus (HEV) was found in the blood of patients in Nanjing, China. All HEV-positive patients had virus genotype 4; subgenotype 4a was predominant. The effective population of HEV in Nanjing increased in ≈1980 and continued until ≈2003 when it plateaued.

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

Hepatitis E Virus Infection

Hepatitis E Virus Infection

Hepatitis E virus infection

Hepatitis E Virus and Related Viruses in Animals

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