Hepatitis E Virus Infection

Kamar, Nassim; Dalton, Harry R.; Abravanel, Florence; Izopet, Jacques

doi:10.1128/cmr.00057-13

Cited by 553 publications

(679 citation statements)

References 296 publications

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“…The PPR of HEV3c was 243 nt long, that of HEV3e was 246 nt long, and that of HEV3f was 246 or 333 nt long. Although subgenotypes are not recognized by the 2012 ICTV 9th Report, complete genomes of HEV3f, HEV3c, and HEV3e are available and belong to the most prevalent strains circulating in Europe (20). While the function of the PPR is not well understood, its deletion does not abolish HEV infectivity in vivo or in vitro but leads to virus attenuation (21,22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Polyproline Region of the Hepatitis E Virus in Immunocompromised Patients

Lhomme

Abravanel

Dubois

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Little is known about virus adaptation in immunocompromised patients with chronic genotype 3 hepatitis E virus (HEV3) infections. Virus-host recombinant strains have been isolated recently from chronically infected patients. The nature and incidence of such recombinant events occurring during infections of solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients are essentially unknown. The polyproline region (PPR) of strains isolated from SOT patients was sequenced during the acute-infection phase (n ‫؍‬ 59) and during follow-up of patients whose infections became chronic (n ‫؍‬ 27). These 27 HEV strains included 3 (11%) that showed recombinant events 12, 34, 48, or 88 months after infection. In one strain, parts of the PPR and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase were concomitantly inserted. In the second, a fragment of a human tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) gene was inserted first, followed by a fragment of PPR. A fragment of the human inter-␣-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) gene was inserted in the third. All the inserted sequences were rich in aliphatic and basic amino acids. In vitro growth experiments suggest that the ITI insertion promoted more vigorous virus growth. In silico studies showed that the inserted sequences could provide potential acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation sites. We found that recombinant events had occurred in the HEV PPR in approximately 11% of the strains isolated from chronically infected transplant patients followed up in Toulouse University Hospital. These inserted fragments came from the HEV genome or a human gene and could enhance virus replication. IMPORTANCE Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause chronic infections in immunocompromised patients, including solid-organ transplant (SOT)recipients. Two strains that had undergone recombination with human ribosomal genes were described recently. The strains with inserted sequences replicated better in vitro. Little is known about the frequency of such recombinant events or how such an insertion enhances replication. We therefore investigated 59 SOT patients infected with HEV and found 3 strains with 4 recombinant events in 27 of these patients whose infection became chronic. The 4 inserted sequences were of different origins (human gene or HEV genome), but all were enriched in aliphatic and basic amino acids and provided potential regulation sites. Our data indicate that recombinant events occur in approximately 11% of strains isolated from chronically infected patients. The structures of the inserted sequences provide new clues as to how the inserted sequences could foster virus replication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Polyproline Region of the Hepatitis E Virus in Immunocompromised Patients

Lhomme

Abravanel

Dubois

et al. 2014

J Virol

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“…Although most HEV infections are asymptomatic, some can cause acute hepatitis with several clinical manifestations including glomerulonephritis, thrombocytopenia, and neurological disorder (25). In addition, HEV infection can be severe in pregnant women with a high mortality and morbidity rate, especially in developing countries leading to fulminant hepatic failure, and in patients with a super-infection (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Expression of a Secretory form of Truncated ORF2 (aa 112-607) from Hepatitis E Virus in the pVAX1 Vector

Makvandi

Taherkhani

Azizolahi

2017

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: The hepatitis E virus (HEV) accounts for the hepatitis E infection with a high mortality rate in pregnant women. Therefore, the design of the novel and effective vaccines seems essential and the DNA vaccine approach could be useful to achieve this anticipated goal. Objectives: The aim of this study was the cloning of a secretory form of truncated open reading frame 2 (ORF2) of HEV containing amino acids (aa) 112 -607 into the eukaryotic expression pVAX1 Vector and evaluating of the expression of this recombinant protein in eukaryotic cells. Methods: The truncated ORF2 gene (aa 112 -607) was cloned in the pVAX1 plasmid by restriction enzyme digest and confirmed by digestion and sequencing. Then, the recombinant plasmid was transfected into eukaryotic cells to express the recombinant protein.The expressed protein in the cell lysate and supernatant was evaluated by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and western blot assay. Results: Colony polymerase chain reactions (PCR), restriction enzyme digestion, along with DNA sequencing of the recombinant plasmid were performed for confirmation of cloning tPA-PADRE-truncated ORF2 gene (aa 112 -607) into pVAX1 eukaryotic expression vector. The appearance of the truncated ORF2 protein (56 kDa) in the eukaryotic cells was accepted by the western blot assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, as well as IFA. Conclusions: All outcomes of the present research showed that pVAX1-tPA-PADRE-truncated ORF2 (aa 112 -607, 56 kDa) recombinant plasmid was able to express truncated ORF2 from HEV as a potential candidate vaccine.

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“…La caracterización genotípica del HEV es de gran importancia, ya que la gravedad de la hepatitis E está relacionada directamente con el genotipo del virus (15): las hepatitis fulminantes en mujeres embarazadas y las manifestaciones no hepáticas de la enfermedad, como la pancreatitis, están asociadas con el genotipo 1; la hepatitis crónica en pacientes con inmunodeficiencia se ha observado principalmente en infecciones con el genotipo 3 del HEV (37). Además, todos los casos de transfusión relacionados con la hepatitis E han sido causados por cepas del HEV de los genotipos 3 y 4, lo cual sugiere un potencial de transmisión parenteral de estos genotipos zoonóticos (38).…”

Section: Marcador Serológico Positivo Para Vhe Igg Anti-hev (%) Igm Aunclassified

Infección simultánea por el virus de la hepatitis E y de otras hepatitis virales en Colombia y su caracterización genotípica

et al. 2015

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Introducción. El virus de la hepatitis E se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública, especialmente en los países en desarrollo. Se conocen cuatro genotipos en mamíferos, de los cuales el G3 se ha encontrado en hepatitis autóctonas en países y regiones con gran población de cerdos, y el G1 se ha asociado a muertes maternas. Objetivo. Determinar la infección simultánea con el virus de la hepatitis E y sus genotipos circulantes en Colombia en 1.097 sueros utilizando los marcadores serológicos de los virus de las hepatitis A, B y C. Materiales y métodos. Se seleccionaron 1.097 sueros provenientes de diferentes municipios de Colombia, conservados en el Laboratorio de Virología del Instituto Nacional de Salud. Se determinaron los anticuerpos IgG e IgM anti-hepatitis E. A los positivos se les amplificó el genoma viral mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa convencional. Los productos se secuenciaron y analizaron filogenéticamente y se los comparó con las secuencias del ORF2 registradas en el GenBank. Resultados. Se identificaron 278 sueros positivos para IgG anti-hepatitis E, 62 para IgM y 64 para ambos marcadores. La infección simultánea con los virus de la hepatitis E y la hepatitis A determinada por IgG anti-hepatitis E fue de 33,6 % y por IgM anti-hepatitis E fue de 16,1 %; la infección simultánea por los virus de la hepatitis E y B fue de 23,4 % y 8,1 %, y por los virus de la hepatitis E y C fue de 35,4 % y 5,83 %, respectivamente. De las 52 muestras positivas en la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa convencional, nueve secuencias se agruparon como genotipo 3a de origen porcino, cepa norteamericana. Conclusiones. La mayor seropositividad se registró para las hepatitis A y E. La frecuencia de la infección simultánea con el virus de la hepatitis E y otros virus hepatótropos indica que este patógeno puede ser más frecuente de lo esperado. La circulación del genotipo 3a implica que esta enfermedad puede presentarse en forma de brote y de zoonosis en Colombia.

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Hepatitis E Virus Infection

Cited by 553 publications

References 296 publications

Characterization of the Polyproline Region of the Hepatitis E Virus in Immunocompromised Patients

Characterization of the Polyproline Region of the Hepatitis E Virus in Immunocompromised Patients

Cloning and Expression of a Secretory form of Truncated ORF2 (aa 112-607) from Hepatitis E Virus in the pVAX1 Vector

Infección simultánea por el virus de la hepatitis E y de otras hepatitis virales en Colombia y su caracterización genotípica

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