Hepatitis C virus infection in a large cohort of homosexually active men: independent associations with HIV-1 infection and injecting drug use but not sexual behaviour.

Bodsworth, Neil J.; Cunningham, Philip; Kaldor, John; Donovan, Basil

doi:10.1136/sti.72.2.118

Cited by 45 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Blood-blood products (5) and IV drug abuse (6)(7) are related with the transmission of the virus. Probabilities due to sexual (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) and intrafamilial (12) transmission are somehow low. The prevalence of the disease was found higher in individuals with multi-partners (13,14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus Risk Factors in the Turkish Community

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common chronic blood-borne infection in the worldwide. This infection is often insidious and one-half of infected patients are asymptomatic. Determination of risk factors for HCV transmission is very important. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors, transmission to spouses and children for HCV infection in Turkish population. One hundred and fifty-one patients with chronic hepatitis C and 151 control cases were investigated for the probable risk factors of HCV infection. Complete blood count, ALT, AST, albumin, prothrombin time, upper abdomen ultrasonography assessment and percutaneous liver biopsy (not for cirrhotics) were performed in all patients with chronic hepatitis C. Anti-HCV testing was done by using second-generation ELISA in 302 cases. Minor surgical operation (p < 0.001), major surgical operation (p = 0.001), blood transfusion (p < 0.001), multi-partner sex (p < 0.05), frequent dental therapy (p < 0.05), and dental extraction (p < 0.001) in patients with a chronic HCV infection were found to be higher than the control group. No significant difference was found in other risk factors. The rate of hepatitis C virus in index cases was found to be 1.8% in their spouses and 1.2% in their children. Our study showed that surgical operation, frequent dental therapy, dental extraction, multi-partner sex, and blood transmission are the main risk factors for HCV infection in Turkish community.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus Risk Factors in the Turkish Community

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Investigators such as FILIPPINI et al (2001) 23 affirm that the risk of sexual transmission is greater in the case of HIV-HCV co-infection 4,23 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In analyzing a cohort of 1,038 homosexual males, BODSWORTH et al (1996) 4 found 7.6% to be positive for anti-HCV, and suggested that immunological suppression caused by HIV might facilitate acquisition of the infection. Investigators such as FILIPPINI et al (2001) 23 affirm that the risk of sexual transmission is greater in the case of HIV-HCV co-infection 4,23 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C

Cavalheiro

2007

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYIt is generally agreed that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be efficiently transmitted parenterally, although data on viral transmission by sexual or non-sexual intrafamilial contact are conflicting. Since data collection began in 1989, the first study dealt with the risk of sexual transmission among multiple sex partners. Other investigations followed, emphasizing that risk increases in specific groups such as patients co-infected with HIV and HBV, sex workers, homosexuals, illicit drug users and patients attended at sexually transmittable disease clinics.The question arises as to what might be the risk for monogamous heterosexuals in the general population, in which one of the partners has HCV?The literature provides overall rates that vary from zero to 27%; however, most studies affirm that the chances of sexual transmission are low or almost null, with rates for this mode fluctuating from zero to 3%. Intrafamilial transmission is strongly considered but inconclusive, since when mentioning transmission between sex partners within the same household, specific situations also should be considered, such as the sharing of personal hygiene items, like razorblades, toothbrushes, nail clippers and manicure pliers, which are important risk factors in HCV transmission. In this review, we discuss the hypotheses of sexual and/or intrafamilial transmission.KEYWORDS: Hepatitis C; Transmission; Sexual; Intrafamilial.Patients infected by HCV frequently question whether their infection can be transmitted to their sexual partners, and whether HCV can be transmitted through sexual relations. Common sense suggests that HCV like HBV and HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, but what is the degree of risk? Does it depend on the population studied? Can risk behavior alter contamination potential 27,34,74 ?Classically, parenteral exposition unites many risk factors that are relevant for HCV transmission, such as the use of illegal drugs, hemodialysis, blood transfusion and blood derivatives, tattoos, organ transplants, acupuncture, sharing of straws for drug inhalation, and accidents in health-care workers 12,26,49,58,71,89 .Convincing evidence for the sexual transmission of HCV requires a history of couples having lived together in sexual activity, the absence of other opportunities for infection, and genetic evidence on the virus, demonstrating that both partners are infected by a virus with very similar genomic sequences. The possession of quality information concerning these questions can aid in providing answers to these issues. However, few studies meet these criteria satisfactorily 22,69,85 . ALTER et al. (1989) 2 presented the first study in which the possibility of HCV transmission was discussed, and considered multiple sex partners as a risk factor. However, the contribution of sexually transmitted HCV remains controversial. In the United States, the Centers for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that between 20 to 25% of the transmission indexes are associated with sexual contact, although ...

show abstract

“…6 Even so, 21 % of the patients assigned to combination therapy for 48 weeks discontinued treatment because of severe side effects, a major obstacle to the widespread use of this regimen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Care of Hepatitis C-Positive Patients by Primary Care Physicians in an Integrated Delivery System

Nicklin

Schultz

Brensinger

et al. 1999

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HeY) is an emerging health problem in the United States. Management of this condition in asymptomatic patients remains controversial.Methods: A questionnaire was mailed in November 1997 to all primary care physicians caring for adults (internists and family physicians) in an integrated health delivery system regarding the current approach to screening, diagnosis, and management of HCV infection. Charts of patients whose tests were positive for HCV were audited in selected practice sites to document care received by those patients.Results: Most physicians (70%) reported ordering alanine aminotransferase (ALT) measurements to screen for HCV infection as part of a complete checkup. Each physician diagnosed an average of 3.1 new cases of HCV infection per year. Patients received widely divergent advice regarding prognosis, precautions to prevent transmission, and treatment. More than one half of the physicians advised their patients that the condition was serious (68%) and to abstain from alcohol (56%) and use condoms in monogamous relationships (62%). In caring for HCV-positive patients, more than three quarters of physicians reported recommending a liver biopsy to patients who had elevated ALT levels, and observing clinically, without liver biopsy, those patients who had normal ALT levels. A chart audit, however, showed lessaggreSSive intervention. Approximately one third ofHCV-positive patients with elevated ALT levels had been seen by a gastroenterologist and had had a liver biopsy. Physicians in practice longer were less likely to recommend treatment with interferon-a. Of those patients whose physicians reported they would recommend biopsy and treatment with interferon-a, only 36% had a documented liver biopsy in their charts, and 29% had documented interferon-a treatment. Only 1.6% and 3.0% of patients, respectively, had received the recommended hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccines.Conclusions: Approaches to screening, diagnosis, and management of HCV infection by primary care physicians vary gready. There appears to be a considerable population of patients in primary care settings who continue to receive conservative management of asymptomatic HCV infection. (J Am Board Fam Pratt 1999;12:427-35.)

show abstract

Hepatitis C virus infection in a large cohort of homosexually active men: independent associations with HIV-1 infection and injecting drug use but not sexual behaviour.

Cited by 45 publications

References 37 publications

Hepatitis C Virus Risk Factors in the Turkish Community

Hepatitis C Virus Risk Factors in the Turkish Community

Sexual transmission of hepatitis C

Current Care of Hepatitis C-Positive Patients by Primary Care Physicians in an Integrated Delivery System

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About