Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Cholangiocarcinoma

Navas, María Cristina; Glaser, Shannon; Dhruv, Harshil D.; Celinski, Scott; Alpini, Gianfranco; Meng, Fanyin

doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.01.018

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…There are a small number of studies investigating the relation between viruses and cholangiocarcinoma and mainly rely on an indirect approach, focused on the survival and prognosis of HBV-and/or HCV-infected patients. In this context, some potential mechanisms linking HCV and cholangiocarcinoma have been discussed by Navas et al [143]. A study by Zhou et al reported an odds ratio of 5.39 and 2.6 for HBV and HCV infection in IHCC, respectively [57].…”

Section: Bile Duct Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses in Cancers of the Digestive System: Active Contributors or Idle Bystanders?

Marônek

Link

Monteleone

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The human virome, which is a collection of all the viruses that are present in the human body, is increasingly being recognized as an essential part of the human microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract and related organs (e.g., liver, pancreas, and gallbladder)—composing the gastrointestinal (or digestive) system—contain a huge number of viral particles which contribute to maintaining tissue homeostasis and keeping our body healthy. However, perturbations of the virome steady-state may, both directly and indirectly, ignite/sustain oncogenic mechanisms contributing to the initiation of a dysplastic process and/or cancer progression. In this review, we summarize and discuss the available evidence on the association and role of viruses in the development of cancers of the digestive system.

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Section: Bile Duct Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses in Cancers of the Digestive System: Active Contributors or Idle Bystanders?

Marônek

Link

Monteleone

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Cholangiocarcinoma is divided into two main groups; intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) which represents about 10% of cholangiocarcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) which includes perihilar and distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that account for 50 and 40% of cholangiocarcinoma, respectively [3,4]. Multiple risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma have been identified like primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, bile duct stone and choledochal cyst [5][6][7][8][9]. Other possible risk factors like diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol consumption and obesity are less established and still controversial with no clear mechanisms that explain their connection to cholangiocarcinoma [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controversial risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma

Baidoun¹,

Sarmini

Merjaneh³

et al. 2021

European Journal of Gastroenterology &Amp; Hepatology

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We did a cross-section study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database between 2011 and 2015. The NIS database is the largest all-payer inpatient database in the United States and contains a sample of over eight million inpatient hospitalizations each year, which represents about 20% of all the discharges from all community hospitals participating in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). It excludes rehabilitation and long-term acute care hospitals. Each record of the NIS data includes up to 25 primary and secondary diagnoses in addition to up to 15 primary and secondary procedures. It also has the patient demographics, discharge status, length of stay, disease severity and comorbidity measures. Study population, inclusion and exclusion criteriaAll adult patients (≥18 years old) from the NIS database between 2011 and 2015 were included. Using the International Classification of Diseases 9th version (ICD-9) code, we identified all records with cholangiocarcinoma using the appropriate codes. We identified patients' demographics using the Clinical Classification Software codes provided by the HCUP and appropriate ICD-9 codes. Using appropriate ICD-9 codes and Elixhauser comorbidity, we also identified the comorbidities of interest as shown in Supplementary Table 1 and 2, Supplemental digital Introduction Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare malignancy accounting for 3% of gastrointestinal cancers in the USA. While multiple risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma are established, other potential risk factors are still controversial. Herein, we used a large national database to investigate possible risk factors and associations. Method We used the National Inpatient Sample database to review all admissions between 2011 and 2015. We grouped patients based on the presence and absence of cholangiocarcinoma. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, we assessed the association between obesity, alcohol abuse, smoking, diabetes mellitus and cholangiocarcinoma. Results Out of 30 9552 95 admissions, 20 030 had cholangiocarcinoma. Cholangiocarcinoma patients were older (67 ± 12.8 vs. 57 ± 20.6; P < 0.001) and had fewer female patients (48 vs. 59%; P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus was associated with cholangiocarcinoma (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08; P < 0.001). On the other hand, alcohol, smoking and obesity were all inversely associated with cholangiocarcinoma (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.69-0.81; P < 0.001), (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.71-0.79; P < 0.001) and (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.67-0.75; P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, compared to Whites, Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander races were more associated with cholangiocarcinoma (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.21-1.34) and (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.67-1.92) (P < 0.001 for all), respectively, whereas African American race was inversely associated with cholangiocarcinoma (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.81-0.89; P < 0.001). Conclusion Patients with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or from certain ethnic groups (Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander) ar...

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“…Moreover, the KEGG pathway enrichment results of the identified module genes also indicate their involvement in CCA pathogenesis. For example, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is identified as an important risk factor for the development of CCA (43); recent progress has shown that cellular senescent markers can distinguish cholangiocellular carcinoma from duct adenoma, implying a possible role in the pathophysiology of CCA (44,45). Additionally, cell cycle changes are particularly important for the growth of malignant tumors (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High BLM Expression Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome and Contributes to Malignant Progression in Human Cholangiocarcinoma

Zhang

Yin

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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Molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis of a highly malignant cancer, cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), are still obscure. In our study, the CCA expression profile data were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the TCGA-Cholangiocarcinoma (TCGA-CHOL) data set were utilized to construct a co-expression network via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The blue gene module associated with the histopathologic grade of CCA was screened. Then, five candidate hub genes were screened by combining the co-expression network with protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. After progression and survival analyses, bloom syndrome helicase (BLM) was ultimately identified as a real hub gene. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis suggested that BLM had a favorable diagnostic and predictive recurrence value for CCA. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results for a single hub gene revealed the importance of cell cycle-related pathways in the CCA progression and prognosis. Furthermore, we detected the BLM expression in vitro, and the results demonstrated that the expression level of BLM was much higher in the CCA tissues and cells relative to adjacent non-tumor samples and normal bile duct epithelial cells. Additionally, after further silencing the BLM expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA), the proliferation and migration ability of CCA cells were all inhibited, and the cell cycle was arrested. Altogether, a real hub gene (BLM) and cell cycle-related pathways were identified in the present study, and the gene BLM may be involved in the CCA progression and could act as a reliable biomarker for potential diagnosis and prognostic evaluation.

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Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Cholangiocarcinoma

Cited by 23 publications

References 73 publications

Viruses in Cancers of the Digestive System: Active Contributors or Idle Bystanders?

Viruses in Cancers of the Digestive System: Active Contributors or Idle Bystanders?

Controversial risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma

High BLM Expression Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome and Contributes to Malignant Progression in Human Cholangiocarcinoma

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