Hepatitis C and arboviral antibodies in the island populations of mauritius and Rodrigues

Background:Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV infections are a serious global and public health problem. To assess the magnitude and dynamics of disease transmission and for its prevention and control, the study of its seroprevalence is important. A private hospital catering to the needs of a large population represents an important center for serological surveys. Available data, at Rajasthan state level, on the seroprevalence of these bloodborne pathogens is also very limited.Objective:A study was undertaken to estimate the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to hepatitis C (anti-HCV Ab) and human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV Ab) in both the sexes and different age groups in a hospital-based population in Jaipur, Rajasthan.Materials and Methods:Serum samples collected over a period of 14 months from patients attending OPDs and admitted to various IPDs of Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur, were subjected within the hospital-based lab for the detection of HBsAg and anti-HCV Ab and anti-HIV Ab using rapid card tests. This was followed by further confirmation of all reactive samples by a microparticle enzyme immunoassay (Abbott AxSYM) at Super Religare Laboratories (formerly SRL Ranbaxy) Reference Lab, Mumbai.Results:The seroprevalence of HBsAg was found to be 0.87%, of anti-HCV Ab as 0.28%, and of anti-HIV Ab as 0.35%.Conclusion:The study throws light on the magnitude of viral transmission in the community in the state of Rajasthan and provides a reference for future studies.

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“…Hospital-based studies from Mauritius,(18) Ethiopia,(19) and Pakistan(20) have showed a seroprevalence of HCV of 5.9%, 6%, and 9%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to the Hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in a hospital-based population in Jaipur, Rajasthan

Sood

Malvankar

2010

Indian J Community Med

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“…Slides were stored at -70 'C until use. For detection of anti-TOS IgG, all sera were diluted 1/32 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and the IFA performed as described for detection of arboviral antibodies [25]. Spots showing the typical intracytoplasmic fluorescence were regarded as positive.…”

Section: Indirect Immunofiuorescence Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Serosurvey and laboratory diagnosis of imported sandfly fever virus, serotype Toscana, infection in Germany

et al. 1995

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SUMMARYOf eight acute infections in German tourists caused by sandfly fever virus, serotype Toscana (TOS), and diagnosed clinically and serologically, seven were acquired during visits to Tuscany, Italy, and one to Coimbra, Portugal. An indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using infected cells, and a newly developed enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) using crude virus antigen prepared from infected Vero-E6 cells was used to detect anti-TOS IgM and IgG. In a seroepidemiological survey of 859 health care workers and medical students, anti-TOS IgG was detected in 1-0% by IFA, and in 0 7 % by EIA. In 2034 German patients hospitalized for various diseases, 1 6 % were positive for anti-TOS IgG by IFA, and 0-8 % by EIA. Anti-TOS IgG was detected in 43 samples of commercial immunoglobulins at titres of 10-1000 by EIA. Although the seroprevalence of antibodies to TOS is low in Germany, TOS infection should be considered in patients returning from endemic areas who complain of fever, and headaches, and have symptoms of meningitis.

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“…20 In India, the seroprevalence of HCV varies among hospital-based populations with 1.57% from Cuttack, 21 1.7% from Jaipur, 22 and 4.8% reported from Puducherry. 23 International studies from Mauritius, 24 Ethiopia 25 and Pakistan 26 have reflected a seroprevalence of 5.9, 6, and 9% respectively. On the contrary, a study from Iraq documented comparatively low seroprevalence of 0.81% for the year 2013.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Genotypes of Hepatitis C Virus: A First Study from Jammu (J & K), India

Sharma¹,

Sharma²,

Sehgal³

et al. 2017

Journal of Gastrointestinal Infections

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Background and objectives: Globally, around 200 million people are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). India contributes a big proportion of HCV burden with the prevalence estimated between 0.5 and 1.5%. Northeastern tribal populations and areas of Punjab represent the HCV infection hotspots, while in Western and Southern parts of the country, the prevalence is lower. The distribution of HCV genotypes is highly variable. This study was particularly planned to attain knowledge of the prevalent HCV genotypes in Jammu province of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) state. Materials and methods:Blood samples of patients attending the Department of Medicine, Government Medical College (GMC), Jammu and Kashmir, India, for HCV testing were subjected to serological test at Department of Microbiology, GMC, Jammu. The serum samples were tested for anti-HCV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and positive samples were subjected to genotyping. Conclusion:Of the 396 samples tested, 33 (8.33%) were found to be HCV positive and 23 of these were included for genotyping. Genotypes 3 and 1 were detected in this region and this was in accordance with other national studies. There is a need for larger field studies to better understand the HCV epidemiology and identify higher prevalence areas and also the distribution of genotypes of HCV. This, being a maiden study from this region, will shed light to allow apposite choice and target efforts for better management of the disease and reduce the burden of chronic liver disease due to HCV.

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Hepatitis C and arboviral antibodies in the island populations of mauritius and Rodrigues

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to the Hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in a hospital-based population in Jaipur, Rajasthan

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to the Hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in a hospital-based population in Jaipur, Rajasthan

Serosurvey and laboratory diagnosis of imported sandfly fever virus, serotype Toscana, infection in Germany

Epidemiology and Genotypes of Hepatitis C Virus: A First Study from Jammu (J & K), India

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