Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to the Hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus in a hospital-based population in Jaipur, Rajasthan
Abstract:Background:Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV infections are a serious global and public health problem. To assess the magnitude and dynamics of disease transmission and for its prevention and control, the study of its seroprevalence is important. A private hospital catering to the needs of a large population represents an important center for serological surveys. Available data, at Rajasthan state level, on the seroprevalence of these bloodborne pathogens is also very limited.Objective:A study was undertaken t… Show more
“…22 In our study male gender (4.878) had higher odds of seropositivity. Similar observations were reported by Sood et al and Amidu et al 21,23 A higher prevalence of seropositivity was seen in shia sect (OR 1.40 )in our study which is in accordance with that observed by Irfa et al from Srinagar. 10 This could be explained on the basis of sharing razors and other instruments for self-inflicted injury practiced by shia community during Muharram processions and gatherings.…”
Background: Hepatitis B continues to pose a tremendous burden of disease with approximately 240 million people having chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection globally. The prevalence of HBV infection varies widely, with rates ranging from 0.1% to 20% in different parts of the world.Methods: This Community based Cross sectional study was carried out for a period of one year (2015-2016) in bock Hajin of Kashmir to find out the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and various risk factors associated with it.1861 subjects consented and participated in the study. A semi structured, pre tested, self-designed questionnaire was used to gather requisite information. Both screening as well as confirmatory tests were used to find out the seroprevalence of HBsAg in the study population.Results: Out of 1861 participants, 65.1% were females and 34.9% were males. All study participants were Muslims with 64.4% belonging to Sunni sec. 67.3% belonged to age group 10-40 years. Prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the study population was 0.9%. Gender, occupation, education and treatment by quacks were significantly associated with seropositivity. Only 76 (4.1%) of the participants had some knowledge about hepatitis B.Conclusions: The study reveals that the seroprevalence of hepatitis B is very low in the study population. It also reflects a low awareness level of population regarding hepatitis B infection thus demanding timely intervention in the form of awareness campaigns to keep transmission under check.
“…22 In our study male gender (4.878) had higher odds of seropositivity. Similar observations were reported by Sood et al and Amidu et al 21,23 A higher prevalence of seropositivity was seen in shia sect (OR 1.40 )in our study which is in accordance with that observed by Irfa et al from Srinagar. 10 This could be explained on the basis of sharing razors and other instruments for self-inflicted injury practiced by shia community during Muharram processions and gatherings.…”
Background: Hepatitis B continues to pose a tremendous burden of disease with approximately 240 million people having chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection globally. The prevalence of HBV infection varies widely, with rates ranging from 0.1% to 20% in different parts of the world.Methods: This Community based Cross sectional study was carried out for a period of one year (2015-2016) in bock Hajin of Kashmir to find out the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and various risk factors associated with it.1861 subjects consented and participated in the study. A semi structured, pre tested, self-designed questionnaire was used to gather requisite information. Both screening as well as confirmatory tests were used to find out the seroprevalence of HBsAg in the study population.Results: Out of 1861 participants, 65.1% were females and 34.9% were males. All study participants were Muslims with 64.4% belonging to Sunni sec. 67.3% belonged to age group 10-40 years. Prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the study population was 0.9%. Gender, occupation, education and treatment by quacks were significantly associated with seropositivity. Only 76 (4.1%) of the participants had some knowledge about hepatitis B.Conclusions: The study reveals that the seroprevalence of hepatitis B is very low in the study population. It also reflects a low awareness level of population regarding hepatitis B infection thus demanding timely intervention in the form of awareness campaigns to keep transmission under check.
“…4,5 Blood transfusion is an important life saving measure and an integral part of Amongst the viral hepatitis strains, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is most dangerous etiological agent of transfusion-associated hepatitis as its morbidity rate is quite high with around 85% of the acutely infected patients progressing to chronic infection such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. 7,8 Blood transfusion is an effective mode of transmission of HCV infection as it allows a large quantum of infective virions into the susceptible patient. 3 It has been shown to be responsible for up to 90 percent of cases, previously known as Non A Non B (NANB) transfusion-related hepatitis.…”
“…It is a major public health problem, and it is estimated that over 300 million people are chronic HBV carriers worldwide [2]. HBV infection is relatively uncommon in some areas like Western Europe; however, the infection is endemic in African and Asian countries [3] [4].…”
Purpose: To determine the practice of obstetric care providers regarding routine screening for hepatitis B virus infection, and to assess their knowledge of the management of the positive pregnant women. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study of obstetric care providers in southwestern Nigeria. Mean and standard deviation was used to summarize continuous variables while frequency and percentage was used for categorical variables. Categorical variables were compared with chi-square test and Fisher's exact tests as appropriate; while continuous variables were compared using the t-test. The level of statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Scoring of the outcome variables for knowledge was done, and the score categorized into good and poor knowledge, depending on if the respondent scored above or below the mean score. Results: Three hundred and eighty-one (67.4%) of the care givers routinely screen pregnant women for the serum marker (HBSAg) of HBV infection. Two hundred and seventy-four (48.5%) of the respondents had good knowledge score of the management of HBV infection in pregnancy. Routine screening for HBV infection was significantly associated with age (p = 0.002), years of practice (p < 0.001), specialty (p = 0.001) and professional cadre (p < 0.001), while knowledge was significantly associated with age (p = 0.012), years of practice (p = 0.003), specialty (p = 0.047) and types of practice (p = 0.014). Conclusion: Screening for HBV infection in pregnant women is not universal in southwestern Nigeria, and the care providers have poor knowledge of the management of the positive mothers.
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