Hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 2010 and 2019

Ajuwon, Busayo I.; Yujuico, Isabelle; Roper, Katrina; Sheel, Meru; Lidbury, Brett A.

doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06800-6

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…28,41,47,55,56 This reflects the endemicity of HBV, high infectivity rate and its ability to survive for prolonged periods outside the body. 57,58 Despite the fact that some studies in Africa have shown a higher prevalence of HBV and HCV among patients with SCD, [59][60][61] we did not corroborate this in our study. Studies in Nigeria which compared the seroprevalence rates of HBV and HCV among patients with SCD, with and without a history of transfusion with healthy age-and sex-matched controls, did not show a significant difference in prevalence rate of these viral markers among both groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

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Reduction in seroprevalence of viral transfusion‐transmitted infections in southwest Nigeria in children with sickle cell disease using an enhanced screening strategy

et al. 2022

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Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects 3.2 million people globally and ~176 000 people die of SCD-related complications per year. 1 Nigeria alone has been estimated to have at least 150 000 newborns with SCD annually, a prevalence of 30 per 1000 live births has been reported in a regional newborn screening programme. 2 SCD is an autosomal recessive, genetic disorder in which red blood cells (RBCs) sickle in deoxygenated states due to single nucleotide polymorphism in which GTG is substituted for GAG (thymidine for adenine) at the sixth codon of the βglobin chain. This leads to chronic haemolysis, varying degrees of anaemia, and vaso-occlusive complications. 3,4 Despite a 10-fold rise in erythropoiesis, the haemolysis and resultant anaemia is only partially compensated, 3 can be exacerbated by factors related and unrelated to

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…Among blood donors in Nigeria, seroprevalence rates of HBV range between 2.0% and 10% 28,41,47,55,56 . This reflects the endemicity of HBV, high infectivity rate and its ability to survive for prolonged periods outside the body 57,58 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in seroprevalence of viral transfusion‐transmitted infections in southwest Nigeria in children with sickle cell disease using an enhanced screening strategy

et al. 2022

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“…In 1982, a safe and effective vaccine that offers 90-100% protection against the HBV was discovered [16,17]. Following this, hepatitis B vaccination continues to be a part of the WHO Extended Programme for Immunization [18]. This underlines the need for HCWs who are exposed to the HBV infection on daily bases to be vaccinated against the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and geo-clinicodemographic factors associated with hepatitis B vaccination among healthcare workers in five developing countries

Duodu

Darkwah

Agbadi³

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

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Background There is a four-fold risk for hepatitis B infection among healthcare workers compared to the general population. Due to limited access to diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B in many resource-constrained settings, there is a real risk that only few healthcare workers with viral hepatitis may get screened or diagnosed and treated. Studies on hepatitis B vaccination among healthcare workers in developing countries are sparse and this bodes ill for intervention and support. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and explored the associated factors that predicted the uptake of the required, full dosage of hepatitis B vaccination among healthcare workers (HCWs) in five developing countries using nationally representative data. Methods We used recent datasets from the Demographic and Health Surveys Program’s Service Provision Assessment Survey. Descriptive summary statistics and logistic regressions were used to produce the results. Statistical significance was pegged at p < 0.05. Results The proportion of HCWs who received the required doses of hepatitis B vaccine in Afghanistan, Haiti, Malawi, Nepal, and Senegal were 69.1%, 11.3%, 15.4%, 46.5%, and 17.6%, respectively. Gender, occupational qualification, and years of education were significant correlates of receiving the required doses of hepatitis B among HCWs. Conclusions Given the increased risk of hepatitis B infection among healthcare workers, policymakers in developing countries should intensify education campaigns among HCWs and, perhaps, must take it a step further by making hepatitis B vaccination compulsory and a key requirement for employment, especially among those workers who regularly encounter bodily fluids of patients.

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“…The reason for the Nigerian North-South dichotomy in the etiology of UGIB is not immediately clear; it could be that the burden of CLD is more in the north than in the south of Nigeria. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis showed that, where adequate data were available, hepatitis B seroprevalence is generally higher in the northern states of Nigeria than in the southern states [ 25 ]. Differential access to treatment of chronic infectious hepatitis and schistosomiasis could also play a role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic Findings in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Ogun State, Nigeria

Jemilohun¹,

Akande²,

Ngubor³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Introduction Although the global incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) appears to have reduced substantially in the past few decades, acute UGIB still carries significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are currently no published data on UGIB in Ogun State, Nigeria. This study examined the endoscopic findings in patients with UGIB in Ogun State. Methodology The study was a retrospective cross-sectional survey of patients with UGIB who had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at three endoscopy centers in Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria, from January 2015 to December 2021. Patients’ data, which included age, gender, and endoscopic findings, were extracted from the endoscopy registers into a spreadsheet and analyzed statistically. Summary statistics included means ± standard deviation for continuous variables and frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Categorical variables were compared for differences by chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. The statistical significance cutoff was p-value <0.05. Results A total of 171 had endoscopy for UGIB during the period under review but 168 had complete data. Out of the 168, 113 (67.3%) were males, giving a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. The mean age of the patients was 52.4 ± 18.1 years, with an age range of 7-85 years. The modal age group was ≥60 years (75; 39.9%). The most common endoscopic finding was peptic ulcer disease (77; 45.8%), followed by esophagogastric varices (27; 16.1%), erosive mucosal disease (25; 14.9 %), portal hypertensive gastropathy (15; 8.9%), suspected malignancies (11; 6.6%), hemorrhagic gastritis (7; 4.2%), gastric antral vascular ectasia (2; 1.2%), and Mallory-Weiss tear (1; 0.6%), respectively. Forty-four patients (26.2%) had no lesion that could explain UGIB. Conclusion Peptic ulcer disease was the most common cause of UGIB among our patient population, and the elderly male patients were the most affected.

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Hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 2010 and 2019

Cited by 52 publications

References 79 publications

Reduction in seroprevalence of viral transfusion‐transmitted infections in southwest Nigeria in children with sickle cell disease using an enhanced screening strategy

Reduction in seroprevalence of viral transfusion‐transmitted infections in southwest Nigeria in children with sickle cell disease using an enhanced screening strategy

Prevalence and geo-clinicodemographic factors associated with hepatitis B vaccination among healthcare workers in five developing countries

Endoscopic Findings in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Ogun State, Nigeria

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