Hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030?

Amponsah-Dacosta, Edina

doi:10.3748/wjg.v27.i36.6025

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 92 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Within the African Region (AFRO), the implementation of universal hepatitis B vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa through the EPI was from as early as 1990 in The Gambia to 2007 in Democratic Republic of Congo and Ethiopia, leading to a decrease in prevalence of hepatitis B among children and adolescents [ 66 ]. In 2020, median coverage of vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa was 82.5% [ 53 , 67 ].…”

Section: Hepatitis B Vaccination: Current Recommendations and Global ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccination on Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over 1.5 million preventable new hepatitis B infections continue to occur each year and there are an estimated 296 million people living with chronic hepatitis B infection worldwide, resulting in more than 820,000 deaths annually due to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatitis B vaccination remains the cornerstone of public health policy to prevent HCC and a vital component of the global hepatitis B elimination response. The WHO has set a 90% vaccination target to achieve hepatitis B elimination by 2030; however, there is wide variability in reported birth dose coverage, with global coverage at only 42%. In this review, we outline the global trends in hepatitis B vaccination coverage and the impact of hepatitis B vaccination on HCC incidence and discuss the challenges and enabling factors for achieving WHO 2030 hepatitis B vaccination coverage targets.

show abstract

Section: Hepatitis B Vaccination: Current Recommendations and Global ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccination on Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The implementation of childhood HBV vaccination programs in East Asian countries and the implementation of such programs in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa could result in a significant decrease in the HBV-infected population and therefore a significant reduction in the incidence of HBV-related HCC [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Despite the impossibility of primary prevention strategies for HCV-related HCC, antiviral therapies seem effective in HCV-positive patients with active infection—if not in erasing the risk, at least in reducing the incidence of HCC [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Loco-Regional Treatments for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in People Living with HIV

Micali

Russotto

Caci

et al. 2022

Infectious Disease Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 75–90% of primary liver cancers and is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In the HIV-positive population, the risk of HCC is approximately four times higher than in the general population, with higher cancer-specific mortality than in HIV-negative patients. In most cases, HCC diagnosis is made in patients younger than the HIV-negative population and in the intermediate-advanced stage, thus limiting the therapeutic possibilities. Treatment choice in HIV-positive patients with HCC is subject to cancer staging, liver function and health status, as for HIV-negative and non-HIV-negative HCC patients. There are relatively few studies on the efficacy and safety in HIV-positive patients to date in loco-regional treatments for HCC. So far, literature shows that curative treatments such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have no significant differences in overall survival between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients, as opposed to palliative treatments such as TACE, where there is a significant difference in overall survival. Although it can be assumed that the most recently discovered loco-regional therapies are applicable to HIV-positive patients with HCC in the same way as HIV-negative patients, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. The purpose of our review is to evaluate these treatments, their efficacy, effectiveness, safety and their applicability to HIV-positive patients.

show abstract

“…Perinatal transmission from infected mothers to their newborn babies or horizontal transmission from infected family members to children are two primary mechanisms of HBV infection in these regions. While many infections acquired in adulthood are acute and successfully cleared by the immune system, the vast majority of infections that occur during infancy or early childhood become chronic, which increases the risk of developing life-threatening HBV-associated illnesses, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [ 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenoviral Vectors: Potential as Anti-HBV Vaccines and Therapeutics

Farhad

Neves

Arbuthnot

et al. 2022

Genes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adenoviral vaccines have been at the front line in the fight against pandemics caused by viral infections such as Ebola and the coronavirus disease 2019. This has revived an interest in developing these vectors as vaccines and therapies against other viruses of health importance such as hepatitis B virus (HBV). Current hepatitis B therapies are not curative; hence, chronic hepatitis B remains the major risk factor for development of liver disease and death in HBV-infected individuals. The ability to induce a robust immune response and high liver transduction efficiency makes adenoviral vectors attractive tools for anti-HBV vaccine and therapy development, respectively. This review describes recent developments in designing adenoviral-vector-based therapeutics and vaccines against HBV infection.

show abstract

Hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030?

Cited by 34 publications

References 92 publications

The Global Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccination on Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The Global Impact of Hepatitis B Vaccination on Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Loco-Regional Treatments for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in People Living with HIV

Adenoviral Vectors: Potential as Anti-HBV Vaccines and Therapeutics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About