Hepatic manifestations of celiac disease

Abstract

Different hepatic and biliary tract disorders may occur with celiac disease. Some have been hypothesized to share genetic or immunopathogenetic factors, such as primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis. Other hepatic changes in celiac disease may occur with malnutrition resulting from impaired nutrient absorption, including hepatic steatosis. In addition, celiac disease may be associated with rare hepatic complications, such as hepatic T-cell lymphoma.

Incretins, amylin and other gut‐brain axis hormones in children with coeliac disease

“…As expected, the patients frequently show an alteration in serum lipid levels, that is, low serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a consequence of lipid malabsorption and decreased intake [38]. The autoimmune insult seems to involve many organs besides the gut, such as the adipose tissue and the clinical manifestations vary among different populations [39,40]. It can also be associated with other autoimmune diseases such as T1DM [6,7].…”

Celiac Disease and Liver Disorders: From Putative Pathogenesis to Clinical Implications

“…Cryptogenic hypertransaminasaemia (celiac hepatitis), a common extraintestinal presentation of CD, is closely related to gluten intake. Additionally, CD can simply coexist as a coincidental finding with several liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (and its subgroup termed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)), chronic viral hepatitis B or C, alcoholic liver disease, hemochromatosis, Wilson’s disease, and other hereditary hepatic diseases [ 3 , 44 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. Swedish epidemiological studies have revealed that patients with CD have an increased risk of both prior and subsequent liver disease, four-times and six-times, respectively [ 52 ], and an eight-times increased risk of mortality from liver cirrhosis [ 53 ]; however, no increased risk of liver transplantation was found (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.12–9.62; p = 0.954) [ 52 ].…”

Fluctuation of liver transaminases with gluten-free diet compliance of a patient with celiac disease and autoimmune hepatitis; a case report

“…Many organs or systems such as cardiac, neurological, bone, skin, liver, and endocrin may be involved in the course of CD (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Although it is an intestinal autoimmune disease, as the diagnostic age of CD getting older, the disease presents itself with complaints that not directed to gastrointestinal tract.…”