Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan in Inflammation and Angiogenesis

Wang, Lianchun

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16833-8_1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…HS can adjust the concentration gradient of chemokines, such that endothelial cells and leukocytes adhere closely. Wang et al found that knocking out the HS gene in rats reduces the accumulation and adhesion of vascular endothelial chemokines 51 . In addition, recent studies have found that EG shedding caused by inflammation further promotes monocyte adhesion and the infiltration of lipid‐retained macrophages 52 .…”

Section: The Significance Of Eg On the Blood‐brain Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial glycocalyx as an important factor in composition of blood‐brain barrier

2020

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The blood‐brain barrier is a dynamic and complex neurovascular unit that protects neurons from somatic circulatory factors as well as regulates the internal environmental stability of the central nervous system. Endothelial glycocalyx is a critical component of an extended neurovascular unit that influences the structure of the blood‐brain barrier and plays various physiological functions, including an important role in maintaining normal neuronal homeostasis. Specifically, glycocalyx acts in physical and charge barriers, mechanical transduction, regulation of vascular permeability, modulation of inflammatory response, and anticoagulation. Since intact glycocalyx is necessary to maintain the stability and integrity of the internal environment of the blood‐brain barrier, damage to glycocalyx can lead to the dysfunction of the blood‐brain barrier. This review discusses the role of glycocalyx in the context of the substantial literature regarding the blood‐brain barrier research, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases as well as point to new breakthroughs and innovations in glycocalyx‐dependent blood‐brain barrier function.

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Section: The Significance Of Eg On the Blood‐brain Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial glycocalyx as an important factor in composition of blood‐brain barrier

2020

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“…The combination of heparin and SEMA4D did not induce the MAs to react in a strict SEMA4D dose-dependent manner. Although heparin has a certain anti-inflammatory function, 76,77 the data of the secreted inflammatory cytokines indicated that the anti-inflammatory effect were mainly exerted by SEMA4D (Figure 11). Through the interaction with its receptor CD72, SEMA4D exerts critical regulatory effects on the humoral immune response, but the immunomodulatory effect of SEMA4D is completely dependent on the biological context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEMA4D-heparin Complexes Immobilized on Titanium Surfaces Have Anticoagulant, Cell-Migration-Promoting, and Immunoregulatory Effects

Cui¹,

Zhou

Bai³

et al. 2018

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Soluble semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D) is a 120 kDa transmembrane protein, which belongs to the semaphorin family of axon guidance molecules that act primarily axonal repellents. SEMA4D elicits its migration-promoting and immunomodulatory effects through activation of PLXNB1 and CD72, respectively. In this study, SEMA4D combined with heparin were adsorbed onto cationic surfaces. The biocompatibility evaluation results indicated that the SEMA4D-heparin-modified surfaces displayed less platelet adhesion and activation, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and thrombin time (TT) and reduced fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG) exposure and fibrinogen adhesion. Additionally, endothelial cells (ECs) showed improved adhesion density and proliferation activity on the SEMA4D-heparin-modified surfaces. Chemotactic and haptotaxis assays indicated a highly guided migration for ECs on the modified surfaces. The immunological tests revealed that the SEMA4D-heparin complexes had a positive immunomodulatory effect on macrophages and promoted macrophages polarization into M2 phenotypes. Overall, the results suggested that the SEMA4D-heparin complexes can be a potential therapeutic agent to promote tissue healing and accelerate in situ endothelialization with minimal side effects and positive immunomodulatory effect.

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“…In the inflammatory response, a variety of transmembrane glycoproteins in the immunoglobulin superfamily, including ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and integrins are involved in inducing leukocytes to extend and adhere tightly to the side surface of the vessel lumen. Wang (2011) found that knocking out the HS gene significantly reduced the accumulation of the chemokine IL-8 on the luminal surface of endothelial cells, while inhibiting the tight adhesion of neutrophils caused by chemokines. However, the expression levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 did not change.…”

Section: Mechanism By Which the Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer Regulates Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Glycocalyx Impairment in Vascular Disease: Focus on Inflammation

Cheng

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The glycocalyx is a complex polysaccharide-protein layer lining the lumen of vascular endothelial cells. Changes in the structure and function of the glycocalyx promote an inflammatory response in blood vessels and play an important role in the pathogenesis of many vascular diseases (e.g., diabetes, atherosclerosis, and sepsis). Vascular endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of inflammation-related diseases. Endothelial dysfunction can lead to tissue swelling, chronic inflammation, and thrombosis. Therefore, elimination of endothelial inflammation could be a potential target for the treatment of vascular diseases. This review summarizes the key role of the glycocalyx in the inflammatory process and the possible mechanism by which it alleviates this process by interrupting the cycle of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. Especially, we highlight the roles of different components of the glycocalyx in modulating the inflammatory process, including components that regulate leukocyte rolling, L-selectin binding, inflammasome activation and the signaling interactions between the glycocalyx components and the vascular cells. We discuss how the glycocalyx interferes with the development of inflammation and the importance of preventing glycocalyx impairment. Finally, drawing on current understanding of the role of the glycocalyx in inflammation, we consider a potential strategy for the treatment of vascular diseases.

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Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan in Inflammation and Angiogenesis

Cited by 5 publications

References 87 publications

Endothelial glycocalyx as an important factor in composition of blood‐brain barrier

Endothelial glycocalyx as an important factor in composition of blood‐brain barrier

SEMA4D-heparin Complexes Immobilized on Titanium Surfaces Have Anticoagulant, Cell-Migration-Promoting, and Immunoregulatory Effects

Glycocalyx Impairment in Vascular Disease: Focus on Inflammation

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