Hemostatic mechanism underlying microbubble-enhanced non-focused ultrasound in the treatment of a rabbit liver trauma model

Abstract

The aim of our study was to investigate the hemostatic mechanism underlying microbubble-enhanced non-focused ultrasound treatment of liver trauma. Thirty rabbits with liver trauma were randomly divided into three groups-the microbubble-enhanced ultrasound (MEUS; further subdivided based on exposure intensity into MEUS1 treatment bleeding weight and visual bleeding scores were evaluated. The serum liver enzyme concentrations as well as the blood perfusion level represented by mean peak contrast intensity (PI) ratio in the treatment area were analyzed. The hemostatic mechanism was evaluated by histological and transmission electron microscopic examination of liver tissue samples. The MEUS subgroups 1-3 (grade 0-1, grade 0-2, and grade 1-2, respectively) exhibited significantly lower post-treatment visual bleeding scores than the US and MB groups (both, grade 3-4; all, P < 0.05). Subgroups MEUS1 (0.346 AE 0.345 g) and MEUS2 (2.232 AE 2.256 g) exhibited significantly lower post-treatment bleeding weight than the US and MB groups (5.698 AE 1.938 and 5.688 AE 2.317 g, respectively; all, P < 0.05). Additionally, MEUS subgroups 1-3 exhibited significantly lower post-treatment blood perfusion levels (PI ratios, 0.64 AE 0.085, 0.73 AE 0.045, and 0.84 AE 0.034, respectively) than the US and MB groups (PI ratios, 1.00 AE 0.005 and 0.99 AE 0.005, respectively; all, P < 0.05). In the MEUS group, hepatic cells became edematous and compressed the hepatic sinus and associated blood vessels. However, the serum liver enzyme levels were not significantly altered. Microbubble-enhanced non-focused ultrasound does not significantly affect blood perfusion and liver function and can be used to induce rapid hemostasis in case of liver trauma.

Degradable Gelatin-Based IPN Cryogel Hemostat for Rapidly Stopping Deep Noncompressible Hemorrhage and Simultaneously Improving Wound Healing

“…The in vivo hemostatic capacity of the dried cryogels was tested by the mouse-tail amputation model, , mouse liver trauma model, , rat liver incision model, and rabbit liver cross incision model , according to previously reported methods with some modifications. The tissue adhesive ability of dried cryogels was assessed by the liver adhesive stretching test .…”

Tuning the Interfacial Properties of Fluorous Colloids Toward Ultrasound Programmable Bioactivity

“…Mechanical disruption of adjacent tissue by these high-intensity acoustic fields can lead to collateral organ trauma. Microbubble-enhanced US can overcome these off-target effects by inducing hemostasis at low acoustic intensities through the enhancement of ultrasonic local heating and by causing cavitation-mediated damage to the capillary endothelium and erythrocytes. , With this in mind, we investigated the ability of PFNA-PFO c emulsions to facilitate rapid coagulation in a low-intensity acoustic field. We hypothesized that the differential vaporization of 20 and 30 mM PFNA-emulsified PFO c droplets could be exploited to impart programmable control over the coagulation kinetics.…”