Hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat with multiple myeloma

Dunbar, Mark D.; Lyles, Sarah E.

doi:10.1111/vcp.12015

Cited by 17 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hemophagocytic syndrome is a rare condition in cats, and we are aware of only two other reported cases. The syndrome was diagnosed in one cat secondary to multiple myeloma, 1 and another cat with hepatic lipidosis and suspected calicivirus infection. 2 A definitive trigger for hemophagocytic syndrome in this case could not be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat

Wilkinson

Carr

Klahn

et al. 2018

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Case summaryA 12-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for a 10 month history of weight loss. Thin body condition and a grade II/VI systolic parasternal heart murmur was noted during examination. Moderate-to-severe anemia and intermittent thrombocytopenia were identified on serial complete blood counts. Antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were detected, but vaccination for FIV occurred previously. Echocardiography revealed biatrial and biventricular enlargement, left ventricular hypertrophy and pericardial effusion. Splenomegaly was present on abdominal ultrasound and cytological evaluation revealed macrophagic infiltration with erythrophagocytosis. Cytological evaluation of the bone marrow revealed similar findings. Histopathology of the spleen confirmed hemophagocytosis with no evidence of malignancy. A presumptive diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome was made. PCR testing for FIV on the splenic tissue was negative. The cat was treated with lomustine. Disease progression occurred approximately 6 months after diagnosis and the cat was euthanized.Relevance and novel informationTo our knowledge, this is one of the few reports describing the diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary differentials at this point were hemophagocytic syndrome and hemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma. 1 – 3 …”

Section: Case Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat

Wilkinson

Carr

Klahn

et al. 2018

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6,[16][17][18] In contrast to dogs, low serum cholesterol concentra tions have only been incidentally described in published reports of specific feline gastrointestinal, endocrine or neoplastic diseases. [19][20][21][22] No studies currently exist describing the clinical findings and disease associations seen in a large population of hypocholesterolemic cats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypocholesterolemia in cats: a multicenter retrospective study of 106 cats

Bowman

Viall

Rudinsky

et al. 2019

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic findings and associated diseases found in a population of hypocholesterolemic cats referred to two tertiary care facilities. Methods An electronic medical record search was performed at two veterinary university referral centers to identify cats with serum cholesterol values below reference interval between January 2004 and 2016. Clinicopathologic data were reviewed for each case and cats were classified into specific disease categories based on clinical diagnosis. Median cholesterol values were compared between disease categories, as well as between survivors and non-survivors. Results In total, 106 hypocholesterolemic cats were included. The median age of the cats was 6 years (range 0.24–18 years). The most common disease categories were gastrointestinal (25.9%), hepatobiliary (19.8%), hematologic (14.8%) and urogenital (14.8%). Though median serum cholesterol values did not differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors, cats with concurrent hypoalbuminemia were at higher risk (odds ratio 15.6, 95% confidence interval 5.2–46.6; P <0.0001) of not surviving to discharge than cats with normal serum albumin concentrations. Conclusions and relevance Taken together, our data suggest that while the degree of hypocholesterolemia did not appear to influence survival rates, the concurrent presence of hypocholesterolemia and hypoalbuminemia was associated with a worse prognosis.

show abstract

“…In conclusion, this report describes an observed association between fungal infection and hemophagia in cats. Hemophagia is described in cats with several neoplastic disorders and one cat with calicivirus infection, and likely occurs in cats with other hemorrhagic or hemolytic diseases. Results of this report suggest that if hemophagia is noted in feline cytology samples, one additional cause to consider is a fungal disease such as H capsulatum or morphologically similar fungal agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemophagocytosis and Histoplasma‐like fungal infection in 32 cats

Schaefer

Rizzi

Royal

2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Histoplasmosis is one of the most common systemic fungal diseases in cats from the United States. It commonly causes respiratory or disseminated disease and is often associated with one or more cytopenias. Here, we describe 32 cats in which a Histoplasma‐like fungal infection was associated with concurrent hemophagia in at least one sample site, commonly spleen, bone marrow, liver, and/or lymph node. The degree of hemophagia was characterized as moderate or marked in the majority of cases, and in all cases, there was a predominance of phagocytized mature erythrocytes. A few cases also had macrophages with phagocytized erythroid precursors, platelets, and/or neutrophils. Complete blood count results were available for 25 cats, and cytopenias were common (20/25), including solitary anemia (10), anemia and thrombocytopenia (5), solitary neutropenia (2), pancytopenia (2), and anemia and neutropenia (1). Bone marrow samples were only available in a small subset of cases, preventing the further assessment of the causes of the cytopenias. Hemophagocytosis has been previously reported in cats with neoplastic diseases and a cat with calicivirus infection, and likely occurs with other conditions as well, such as hemorrhage or hemolysis. Results of this report suggest that systemic fungal disease is an additional differential to consider when there is hemophagia in a feline cytology sample.

show abstract

Hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat with multiple myeloma

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat

Hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat

Hypocholesterolemia in cats: a multicenter retrospective study of 106 cats

Hemophagocytosis and Histoplasma‐like fungal infection in 32 cats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About