Hemodynamic responses in neural circuitries for detection of visual target and novelty: An event‐related fMRI study

Gur, Ruben C.; Turetsky, Bruce I.; Loughead, James; Waxman, Jonathan; Snyder, Wendy; Ragland, J. Daniel; Elliott, Mark A.; Bilker, Warren B.; Arnold, Steven E.; Gur, Raquel E.

doi:10.1002/hbm.20319

Cited by 78 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The right anterior insula has been implicated in the detection of visual and auditory temporal pattern changes (Herdener et al, 2009) and in the processing of novelty tested with various visual, tactile, and auditory oddball paradigms (Linden et al, 1999;Ardekani et al, 2002;Downar et al, 2002). The implication of the right precuneus in novelty detection has also been reported recently (Gur et al, 2007). Functional differences that we found between groups in these regions might be associated with musical talent and/or preacademic musical training.…”

Section: Enhanced Hippocampal Novelty Detection In Musicians: Talent supporting

confidence: 76%

Musical Training Induces Functional Plasticity in Human Hippocampus

et al. 2010

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Training can change the functional and structural organization of the brain, and animal models demonstrate that the hippocampus formation is particularly susceptible to training-related neuroplasticity. In humans, however, direct evidence for functional plasticity of the adult hippocampus induced by training is still missing. Here, we used musicians' brains as a model to test for plastic capabilities of the adult human hippocampus. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging optimized for the investigation of auditory processing, we examined brain responses induced by temporal novelty in otherwise isochronous sound patterns in musicians and musical laypersons, since the hippocampus has been suggested previously to be crucially involved in various forms of novelty detection. In the first crosssectional experiment, we identified enhanced neural responses to temporal novelty in the anterior left hippocampus of professional musicians, pointing to expertise-related differences in hippocampal processing. In the second experiment, we evaluated neural responses to acoustic temporal novelty in a longitudinal approach to disentangle training-related changes from predispositional factors. For this purpose, we examined an independent sample of music academy students before and after two semesters of intensive aural skills training. After this training period, hippocampal responses to temporal novelty in sounds were enhanced in musical students, and statistical interaction analysis of brain activity changes over time suggests training rather than predisposition effects. Thus, our results provide direct evidence for functional changes of the adult hippocampus in humans related to musical training.

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Section: Enhanced Hippocampal Novelty Detection In Musicians: Talent supporting

confidence: 76%

Musical Training Induces Functional Plasticity in Human Hippocampus

et al. 2010

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“…Its activation extended into the cuneus and this ROI appeared particularly responsive to the PanTool task. This region is implicated in target and novelty detection and has been reported in the perception of tools before (Gur et al, 2007;Vingerhoets, 2008). The LG has also been significantly responsive in a learning paradigm in which finger movements were associated with visual patterns, underlining the visual memory component of this region (Toni and Passingham, 1999).…”

Section: Occipital Regionsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Functional connectivity associated with hand shape generation: Imitating novel hand postures and pantomiming tool grips challenge different nodes of a shared neural network

Vingerhoets

Clauwaert

2015

Human Brain Mapping

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Functional connectivity analysis revealed that during hand shape generation the BOLD-response of every region correlated significantly with every other area regardless of the hand posture task performed, although some regions were more involved in some hand postures tasks than others.Based on between-task differences in functional connectivity we predict that imitation of novel hand postures would suffer most from left superior parietal disruption and that pantomiming hand postures for tools would be impaired following left frontal damage, whereas both tasks would be sensitive to inferior parietal dysfunction. We also unveiled that posterior temporal cortex is committed to pantomiming tool grips, but that the involvement of this region to the execution of hand postures in general appears limited. We conclude that the generation of hand postures is subserved by a highly interconnected task-general neural network. Depending on task requirements some nodes/connections will be more engaged than others and these task-sensitive findings are in general agreement with recent lesion studies.

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“…Then, the group trend is inferred using a fixed or random effect model (Friston et al, 1999). However, the timing and shape of the HRF associated with neuronal activation may vary across subjects, scans, and brain regions (Aguirre et al, 1998;McGonigle et al, 2000;Gur et al, 2007), and concurrently it may affect the accuracy of the group inference. The accurate derivation of the activation becomes especially important in the subcortical areas of the brain such as the thalamus and basal ganglia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BOLD signal responses from these subcortical areas are further confounded by the signal pattern, often shown as 'biphasic' features instead of the typical canonical HRF (Gur et al, 2007). Subsequently, model-driven univariate approaches including GLM may grossly underestimate the activation patterns from the subcortical areas (Meltzer et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, model-driven univariate approaches including GLM may grossly underestimate the activation patterns from the subcortical areas (Meltzer et al, 2000). Here, the biphasic feature is defined as the positive BOLD signal change followed by the negative change with similar levels of intensity (Gur et al, 2007;Meltzer et al, 2007). In addition, the magnitude of BOLD signal contrast is less than that from the cortical surfaces (Scholz et al, 2000), and it is likely due to the reduced vasculature in these subcortical areas (Lowe et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Independent vector analysis (IVA) for group fMRI processing of subcortical area

Lee

Lee²,

Jólesz³

et al. 2008

Int J Imaging Syst Tech

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During functional MRI (fMRI) studies, blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) signal associated with neuronal activity acquired from multiple individuals are subject to the derivation of group-averaged brain activation patterns. Unlike other cortical areas, subcortical areas such as the thalamus and basal ganglia often manifest smaller, biphasic BOLD signal that are aberrant from signals originating from cortices. Independent component analysis (ICA) can offer session/ individual specific brain activation maps without a priori assumptions regarding the timing or pattern of the signal responses. The small activation loci within the subcortical areas are sparsely distributed among the subjects, and a conventional group processing method based on the general linear model (GLM) or ICA may fail to characterize the activation loci. In this paper, we present an independent vector analysis (IVA) to overcome these limitations by offering an analysis of additional dependent components (compared to the ICA-based method) that are assigned for use in the automated grouping of dependent (i.e. similar) activation patterns across subjects. The proposed IVA algorithm was applied to simulated data, and its utility was confirmed from real fMRI data employing a trial-based hand motor task. A GLM and the group ICA of the fMRI toolbox (GIFT) were also applied for comparison. From the analysis of activation patterns within subcortical areas, in which the hemodynamic responses (HRs) often deviate from a canonical, model-driven HR, IVA detected task-related activation loci that were not detected through GLM and GIFT. IVA may offer a unique advantage for inferring group activation originating from subcortical areas.

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Hemodynamic responses in neural circuitries for detection of visual target and novelty: An event‐related fMRI study

Cited by 78 publications

References 75 publications

Musical Training Induces Functional Plasticity in Human Hippocampus

Musical Training Induces Functional Plasticity in Human Hippocampus

Functional connectivity associated with hand shape generation: Imitating novel hand postures and pantomiming tool grips challenge different nodes of a shared neural network

Independent vector analysis (IVA) for group fMRI processing of subcortical area

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