Hemodynamic effects of slow breathing: Does the pattern matter beyond the rate?

Paprika, Dóra; Gingl, Zoltán; Rudas, László; Zöllei, Éva

doi:10.1556/aphysiol.101.2014.3.2

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…After the third yoga session LF power and % LF also significantly increased. The long-term trend was that LF power and %LF significantly increased after the third yoga session compared to pre first session (baseline) [LF power: 1348 ± 1468 ms 2 The results from the 6 subjects who attended at least 4 yoga sessions did not show any significant differences before and after their individual yoga sessions except for the fourth yoga session, although trends were seen. This was probably due to the low number of subjects involved.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Maximal HRV is achieved when inhalation is accompanied by a marked increase in heart rate (HR), due to decreased parasympathetic and increased sympathetic activation, and exhalation results in the opposite response [1]. This coupling between breathing and HRV, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), is optimized when one breathes deeply and slowly [2]. Therefore just by controlling one's breath, one can increase HRV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Breathing Practice in Vinyasa Yoga on Heart Rate Variability in University Students- A Pilot Study

Tay¹,

Baldwin²

2015

J Yoga Phys Ther

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Objective: This pilot study investigated the effects of the breathing practice in vinyasa yoga on heart rate variability (HRV) in university students. High HRV is correlated with decreased anxiety and improved performance. It was hypothesized that after yoga HRV would increase and heart rate (HR) would decrease. Design: Thirteen students were enrolled into a 10-week yoga program and asked to attend at least 3 yoga classes. Before and after each class, the students' HRV was measured. Respiration rate was measured before and after half of the classes that each student attended. Each participant's measures were compared pre and post yoga sessions, and statistical differences or trends in the data were evaluated. Setting: The study was performed in the Campus Recreational Center, University of Arizona. Results: For students who attended 3 yoga sessions, HRV was greater after each session than before the session, reaching statistical significance for sessions 1 and 3. Heart rate variability in the low frequency range (LF power) significantly increased after the third session compared to baseline (before first session). Heart rate did not significantly change. Average respiration rate after the last session each student attended was significantly lower than before the session. Conclusion: Students experience increased HRV and decreased respiration rate after yoga sessions, consistent with relaxation and an increased ability to handle stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Breathing Practice in Vinyasa Yoga on Heart Rate Variability in University Students- A Pilot Study

Tay¹,

Baldwin²

2015

J Yoga Phys Ther

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“…The effects of slow breathing include beneficial changes in the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) [5]. It was demonstrated that slow breathing increases parasympathetic cardiac modulation and reduces sympathetic cardiac control [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow breathing influences cardiac autonomic responses to postural maneuver

Vidigal

Tavares

Garner

et al. 2016

Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice

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Chronic slow breathing has been reported to improve Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in patients with cardiovascular disorders. However, it is not clear regarding its acute effects on HRV responses on autonomic analysis. We evaluated the acute effects of slow breathing on cardiac autonomic responses to postural change manoeuvre (PCM). The study was conducted on 21 healthy male students aged between 18 and 35 years old. In the control protocol, the volunteer remained at rest seated for 15 min under spontaneous breathing and quickly stood up within 3 s and remained standing for 15 min. In the slow breathing protocol, the volunteer remained at rest seated for 10 min under spontaneous breath, then performed slow breathing for 5 min and rapidly stood up within 3 s and remained standing for 15 min. Slow breathing intensified cardiac autonomic responses to postural maneuver.

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“…In addition, the immediate effects of slow breathing exercise, such as yoga exercise have been reported [18]. Paprika et al [19] investigated the relationship between slow breathing pattern and RR during yoga and the long-term effect in cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autogenous control of heart rate taking Deep Slow Breaths during exercise

Kageyama

2018

Int J Appl Exerc Physiol

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We investigated whether heart rate can be controlled consciously. This study examined the effect of 20 minutes of cycling exercise while being conscious about energy conservation on the heart rate. 21 healthy college students (9 men, 12 women) participated three exercise bouts. Exercise bouts were examined under the following three conditions: (a) known condition (participants having information about the exercise duration); (b) unknown condition (participants having no information about the exercise duration) and; (c) conserving energy condition (participants having information about the exercise duration and being conscious about energy conservation). Heart rate in the unknown condition was lower than that in the known condition (p < 0.05); further, it was lower in the conserving energy condition than in the known condition　(p < 0.01). In contrast, the tidal volume of the conserving energy condition was higher than that in the known condition (p < 0.05). In addition, the respiratory rates in the unknown and conserving energy conditions were lower than that in the known condition (p < 0.01). Energy expenditure during exercise was lowest in the conserving energy condition. These results show the possibility of autogenous control of heart rate by taking deep slow breaths consciously during exercise.

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Hemodynamic effects of slow breathing: Does the pattern matter beyond the rate?

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of Breathing Practice in Vinyasa Yoga on Heart Rate Variability in University Students- A Pilot Study

Effects of Breathing Practice in Vinyasa Yoga on Heart Rate Variability in University Students- A Pilot Study

Slow breathing influences cardiac autonomic responses to postural maneuver

Autogenous control of heart rate taking Deep Slow Breaths during exercise

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