Hemispheric performance in object-based attention

Valsangkar-Smyth, Monica; Donovan, Christa-Lynn; Sinnett, Scott; Dawson, Michael R. W.; Kingstone, Alan

doi:10.3758/bf03206465

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Similar findings using different experimental paradigms have also been found in normal subjects (Kingstone, 2004; Corballis & Gratton, 2003) as well as in commissurotomy patients (Holtzman & Gazzaniga, 1982, 1985). Although Alvarez and Cavanagh (2005) did not make any claims about the underlying neural basis of hemifield independence, the most obvious possibility was that the left and right cerebral hemispheres operate independently in this task.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The Role of the Parietal Lobe in Visual Extinction Studied with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Battelli

Alvarez

Carlson

et al. 2009

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Interhemispheric competition between homologous areas in the human brain is believed to be involved in a wide variety of human behaviors from motor activity to visual perception and particularly attention. For example, patients with lesions in the posterior parietal cortex are unable to selectively track objects in the contralesional side of visual space when targets are simultaneously present in the ipsilesional visual field, a form of visual extinction. Visual extinction may arise due to an imbalance in the normal interhemispheric competition. To directly assess the issue of reciprocal inhibition, we used fMRI to localize those brain regions active during attention-based visual tracking and then applied low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over identified areas in the left and right intraparietal sulcus to asses the behavioral effects on visual tracking. We induced a severe impairment in visual tracking that was selective for conditions of simultaneous tracking in both visual fields. Our data show that the parietal lobe is essential for visual tracking and that the two hemispheres compete for attentional resources during tracking. Our results provide a neuronal basis for visual extinction in patients with parietal lobe damage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The Role of the Parietal Lobe in Visual Extinction Studied with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Battelli

Alvarez

Carlson

et al. 2009

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…First, this is the first objective evidence revealing the differences of P200 amplitude elicited by picture tasks performed in V learners and R learners. Second, it showed right hemisphere lateralization of picture processing, which has been found in numerous previous studies (26,33,34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Visual event-related potential studies supporting the validity of VARK learning styles' visual and read/write learners

Thepsatitporn

Pichitpornchai

2016

Advances in Physiology Education

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The validity of learning styles needs supports of additional objective evidence. The identification of learning styles using subjective evidence from VARK questionnaires (where V is visual, A is auditory, R is read/write, and K is kinesthetic) combined with objective evidence from visual event-related potential (vERP) studies has never been investigated. It is questionable whether picture superiority effects exist in V learners and R learners. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether vERP could show the relationship between vERP components and VARK learning styles and to identify the existence of picture superiority effects in V learners and R learners. Thirty medical students (15 V learners and 15 R learners) performed recognition tasks with vERP and an intermediate-term memory (ITM) test. The results of within-group comparisons showed that pictures elicited larger P200 amplitudes than words at the occipital 2 site (P < 0.05) in V learners and at the occipital 1 and 2 sites (P < 0.05) in R learners. The between-groups comparison showed that P200 amplitudes elicited by pictures in V learners were larger than those of R learners at the parietal 4 site (P < 0.05). The ITM test result showed that a picture set showed distinctively more correct responses than that of a word set for both V learners (P < 0.001) and R learners (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the result indicated that the P200 amplitude at the parietal 4 site could be used to objectively distinguish V learners from R learners. A lateralization existed to the right brain (occipital 2 site) in V learners. The ITM test demonstrated the existence of picture superiority effects in both learners. The results revealed the first objective electrophysiological evidence partially supporting the validity of the subjective psychological VARK questionnaire study.

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“…Furthermore, for horizontal shifts of attention these differences are only significant when shifting attention outward, away from fixation. This adds to an extensive literature supporting the existence of object-based attention 21, 22, 52 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Prism adaptation does not alter object-based attention in healthy participants

2013

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Hemispatial neglect (‘neglect’) is a disabling condition that can follow damage to the right side of the brain, in which patients show difficulty in responding to or orienting towards objects and events that occur on the left side of space. Symptoms of neglect can manifest in both space- and object-based frames of reference. Although patients can show a combination of these two forms of neglect, they are considered separable and have distinct neurological bases. In recent years considerable evidence has emerged to demonstrate that spatial symptoms of neglect can be reduced by an intervention called prism adaptation. Patients point towards objects viewed through prismatic lenses that shift the visual image to the right. Approximately five minutes of repeated pointing results in a leftward recalibration of pointing and improved performance on standard clinical tests for neglect. The understanding of prism adaptation has also been advanced through studies of healthy participants, in whom adaptation to leftward prismatic shifts results in temporary neglect-like performance. Here we examined the effect of prism adaptation on the performance of healthy participants who completed a computerised test of space- and object-based attention. Participants underwent adaptation to leftward- or rightward-shifting prisms, or performed neutral pointing according to a between-groups design. Significant pointing after-effects were found for both prism groups, indicating successful adaptation. In addition, the results of the computerised test revealed larger reaction-time costs associated with shifts of attention between two objects compared to shifts of attention within the same object, replicating previous work. However there were no differences in the performance of the three groups, indicating that prism adaptation did not influence space- or object-based attention for this task. When combined with existing literature, the results are consistent with the proposal that prism adaptation may only perturb cognitive functions for which normal baseline performance is already biased.

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Hemispheric performance in object-based attention

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

The Role of the Parietal Lobe in Visual Extinction Studied with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

The Role of the Parietal Lobe in Visual Extinction Studied with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Visual event-related potential studies supporting the validity of VARK learning styles' visual and read/write learners

Prism adaptation does not alter object-based attention in healthy participants

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