Hemin-dependent growth stimulation and cytochrome synthesis in Corynebacterium pyogenes

Reddy, C. A.; Cornell, C P; M, Kao

doi:10.1128/jb.130.2.965-967.1977

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…Heme-requiring strains of Bacteroides melaninogenicus (22), Bacteroides ruminicola (32), and Bacteroides fragilis (16) utilize hemin for the synthesis of a bor c-type cytochrome. The stimulatory nature of heme for C. pyogenes strains 1909 and C100 may be due to its involvement in b-type cytochrome synthesis, as was previously demonstrated for strain 5 (20). The btype cytochrome in C. pyogenes may be part of a primitive electron transport system which me- b Growth measurements and inoculum preparation are described in footnote b, Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Nutritional requirements of Corynebacterium pyogenes

Fraga¹,

Reddy²

1982

J Clin Microbiol

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The nutritional requirements of Corynebacterium pyogenes (strains C100, 5, and 1909), a commonly encountered animal pathogen, were determined in this study. A semidefined medium (SDM) containing glucose, HCO3 , hemin, charcoal-treated Trypticase, and a defined mixture of purines and pyrimidines, amino acids, and minerals which supported optimal growth of C. pyogenes was employed in all nutritional studies. Adenine and uracil were required for optimal growth of strains 5 and C100 but were not required for strain 1909. Riboflavin and nicotinic acid were required for good growth of all three strains; biotin and thiamin were stimulatory but did not appear to be required for growth. Hemin and NaHCO3 were stimulatory for growth, whereas lipoic acid and Tween 80 were neither stimulatory nor required for growth. The replacement of Trypticase with a specific peptide fraction (obtained by fractionation of Trypticase on Sephadex G-25) rich in dipeptides gave growth comparable to that in SDM, indicating a peptide requirement for the growth of C. pyogenes. It was of considerable interest that growth comparable to that in SDM was obtained when Trypticase was replaced by inositol (1 [.g/ml of SDM). Corynebacterium pyogenes (23) is one of the most frequently isolated pathogens from a variety of pyogenic disease conditions in domestic animals. It apparently exists as a commensal organism on the mucous surfaces of warmblooded animals (1, 14, 28). Although C. pyogenes was first isolated almost one hundred years ago, physiological and metabolic studies on this organism have been hampered because it grows poorly on laboratory media unless supplemented with blood or serum (1, 23). Reddy et al. (20) reported that hemin is stimulatory for the growth of this organism and recently described a semidefined medium and a chemically defined medium which supported excellent growth of C. pyogenes (19). The development of these media facilitated the present study, in which we determined the vitamin, nucleotide, nitrogen, and other nutritional requirements of C. pyogenes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial strains. The sources of C. pyogenes strains C100 (NCTC 5224; ATCC 19411), NCDO 1909 (NIRD 212), and 5 used in this study were described previously (19). Culture maintenance and media. All cultures were maintained on plates of tryptose agar (Difco Laboratories) plus 5% sheep blood as previously described (19). The semidefined broth medium (SDM) used for the nutritional studies contained (per 100 ml): glucose, 0.5 t Journal article no. 9149 from the Michigan Agriculture Experiment Station, East Lansing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Nutritional requirements of Corynebacterium pyogenes

Fraga¹,

Reddy²

1982

J Clin Microbiol

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Actinomyces

Schaal¹,

Yassin²

2015

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Ac.ti.no.my'ces. Gr. fem. n. aktis, aktinos ray; Gr. masc. n. mukês fungus; N.L. masc. n. Actinomyces ray fungus referring to the radial arrangement of filaments in Actinomyces bovis sulfur granules. Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Actinomycetales / Actinomycetaceae / Actinomyces Straight or slightly curved rods , 0.2–1.0 µm in diameter, which vary considerably in shape and size, and slender filaments , 1 µm or less in width and 10–50 µm or more in length, with true branching. Short rods (0.5–5.0 µm in length) with or without clubbed ends are frequently seen and may occur singly, in pairs with diphtheroidal arrangements (Y, V, T forms and palisades), in short chains or in small clusters. Longer (5.0–10.0 µm in length) branched rods are also common. Several members of the genus appear chiefly or exclusively as coccobacillary or even coccoid elements. Filaments which may predominate in certain species are either straight or wavy , show varying degrees of branching and may have swollen, clubbed, or clavate ends. Gram‐stain‐positive , but irregular staining giving rise to a beaded or barred appearance frequently occurs, and two species may be Gram‐stain‐variable. Non‐acid‐fast, nonmotile, and non‐endospore‐forming. Conidia are not produced. DNA G+C content (mol%) : 55–71 ( T m , HPLC). Type species : Actinomyces bovis Harz 1877, 133 AL .

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