“…A number of authors have described or discussed the condition from the point of view of morphological analysis, including Rushton (1951), Mutoh et al (1991), Pelotti et al (1994), Silveira and Scarfe (1995), and Khorsandian et al (2001). Various treatment strategies have been proposed and described by Blair and Schneider (1977), Fox (1977), Komorowska and Kawiak (1988), Koumoura and Kountouris (1988), James (1990), Jensen (1994), Chen et al (1996), Marchetti et al (2000), Li et al (2001), Obwegeser (2001), Bertolini et al (2001, and Sugawara et al (2002). These techniques range from relatively simple, such as condylectomy, to complex procedures including bimaxillary surgery associated with complex mandibular osteotomies.…”