Hematology profile analysis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients

Abstract

Objectives Some hematological parameters were reported as markers to assess severity of COVID-19 patients. Comorbidities were risk factors for severe COVID-19. Differences in hematology profile based on severity and comorbidity, and correlation between hematology profile and Ct value were never studied at Makassar, Indonesia. The aim of this study were to know the differences of hematology profile based on severity and comorbidity, and the correlation between hematology profile and Ct value in COVID-19 patients. Methods This study was retrospective, cross-sectional of confirmed COVID-19 patients who had been hospitalized at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospital, Makassar, since June to August 2020. Hematology profile, Ct value, comorbidity, and severity of COVID-19 patients were obtained from Hospital Information System Data. Results From 217 patients, subjects were 102 (47%) male dan 115 (53%) female, 127 mild-moderate patients (58.5%) and 90 severe patients (41.5%), 143 patients (65%) without comorbidity, 74 patients (35%) with comorbidity. White blood cells (WBC), red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil and monocyte count, and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly higher in severe patients than mild-moderate patients (p<0.05), besides RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocyte and thrombocyte count were significantly lower in severe patients than mild-moderate patients (p<0.05). Hematology profile was not different significantly based on comorbidity and was not correlated significantly with Ct value, except eosinophil count (r=0.161; p=0.018). Conclusions We suggest that hematology profile could predict the severity of COVID-19 patients. Moreover, eosinophil count could be considered to predict the infectivity of patient with COVID-19.

Can lithium be used in the setting of clozapine commencement in patients with COVID‐19 associated neutropenia: A case report

“…10,11 The destruction of lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients leads to an increase susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections triggering the activation and recruitment of neutrophils. 8 Elevated neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have also been identified as predictors of poor outcomes in COVID-19 infection.…”

“…Currently, COVID‐19 infection appears to have varied effects on an individual's hematology profile, lymphopenia, lymphocytosis, leukopenia, leucocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and anemia have been reported 7,8 . A cohort study with 136 patients reported quantitative abnormalities in leukocytes (28%), lymphocyte (23%), platelets (87%), and red blood cells (30.15%) in COVID‐19 positive patients 7 .…”

“…It is suspected that lymphopenia occurs firstly due to direct infection of SARS‐Cov‐2 on T‐lymphocytes, and secondly macrophage activation, driving lymphocyte apoptosis, and necrosis through induction of inflammatory cytokines (IL‐6) 10,11 . The destruction of lymphocytes in COVID‐19 patients leads to an increase susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections triggering the activation and recruitment of neutrophils 8 . Elevated neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have also been identified as predictors of poor outcomes in COVID‐19 infection 12,13 …”

Hubungan Parameter Hematologi Dengan Hasil Swab PCR Pasien Covid-19

“…Penelitian yang dilakukan di Pakistan menunjukkan bahwa NLR dan ALC merupakan penanda yang efektif dalam mendiagnosis dini COVID-19 (Shahid et al, 2022). Penelitian yang dilakukan di Makassar, Indonesia menemukan bahwa jumlah leukosit dan NLR lebih tinggi pada pasien COVID-19 derajat berat dibandingkan derajat ringan-sedang sedangkan kadar Hb dan jumlah trombosit lebih rendah pada pasien COVID-19 derajat berat dibandingkan derajat ringansedang (Setio et al, 2022). Penelitian lain yang dilakukan di Malang, Indonesia menemukan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada parameter hematologi antara kasus COVID-19 derajat berat dengan derajat sedang (Arthamin et al, 2023).…”