Hematology of Bovids

Wood, R. Darren

doi:10.1002/9781119500537.ch111

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…26,29 Bulls, for example, have greater RBC counts than cows. 30 Furthermore, beef cattle (to which all bulls and steers included in this study belong) has higher red blood cell counts and Ht than dairy cattle (to which most of the older cows included in this study belong) and lactating dairy cows have a lower Ht than nonlactating dairy cows. 30 Therefore, it seems likely that an improved reproducibility could be achieved by a careful selection of the donor animals, for example, by choosing a specific farmer, breed, sex, and approximate age, or by repeated blood collections from the same donor during the same season or the year and lactation period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Potential Factors for Poor Reproducibility of In Vitro Hemolysis Testing

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In vitro testing of hemolysis is essential for the validation and development of ventricular assist devices. However, as many factors influence hemolysis, such tests’ inter- and intralaboratory reproducibility is poor. In this work, CentriMag blood pumps were used to conduct a hemolysis study according to ASTM F1841 with blood from 23 bovine donors. Complementary blood analysis, including cell count, plasma composition, and viscosity, was performed to identify factors relevant to the variability of hemolysis testing results. Three strategies were tested to improve reproducibility: albumin supplementation, maintaining glucose concentration, and replacement of plasma with plasma-like buffer. Differences in red blood cell stability among donors were responsible for the largest portion of the total variance. Hematocrit varied widely among donors, and its adjustment to a standard value led to the artificial introduction of between-donor differences, especially in viscosity. It seems likely, that a more careful selection of donors with similar characteristics or repeated blood collection from the same donor could improve reproducibility. However, no direct correlations were found between the susceptibility to hemolysis and individual donor or blood characteristics in this study. The addition of albumin and glucose had a negligible effect while washing blood samples with artificial plasma significantly reduced mean hemolysis, although not its variation. The findings contribute to the understanding of variability in hemolysis experiments and give reason to question the common standard operating procedures, such as hemodilution or maintaining glucose concentration. To confirm the factors identified here, additional studies isolating the effects of individual factors are necessary.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Potential Factors for Poor Reproducibility of In Vitro Hemolysis Testing

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…17 In addition, renal tumors, cysts, and/or hereditary polycythemia could also be possible in certain breeds of cattle or poultry. 17,20,21 Clinicians unaware of falsely low Hct/PCV values, coupled with lower reported hemoglobin concentrations, might try to sort out the many complex, and at times comorbid, causes of anemia in the affected animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Falsely high Hct/PCV values could lead to a suspicion of secondary polycythemia as triggered by increased erythropoietin production that occurs under hypoxic conditions; the primary causes being high altitude (physiologic) or pulmonary/cardiac disorders (pathologic) 17 . In addition, renal tumors, cysts, and/or hereditary polycythemia could also be possible in certain breeds of cattle or poultry 17,20,21 . Clinicians unaware of falsely low Hct/PCV values, coupled with lower reported hemoglobin concentrations, might try to sort out the many complex, and at times comorbid, causes of anemia in the affected animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematocrit estimates comparing centrifugation to a point‐of‐care method in beef cattle living at high altitude

Calkins

Scasta

Smith

2021

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the advent of automated hematology analyzers, the terms hematocrit (Hct) and packed cell volume (PCV) have been used interchangeably. Importantly, however, Hct is a value calculated by multiplying the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) by the red blood cell (RBC) count, whereas the PCV is directly measured after blood sample centrifugation. Regardless, both measurements reflect the blood volume occupied by red blood cells, expressed as a percentage. 1 From a clinical pathology perspective, Hct/PCV

show abstract

“…A WBC count with differential was performed with Giemsa staining (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Houston, TX, USA) of whole blood smears of each blood sample on separate glass microscope slides to monitor possible pre-and post-partum alterations in the proportion of the types of WBCs [32][33][34]. The identity of each slide was coded to blind the technician who used a binocular microscope to review the Giemsa-stained slides [35]. There was a two-fold purpose to focus on these parameters of the nucleated WBC in the assessment of TL in the Parity 1 and Parity 2 cows of this study.…”

Section: White Blood Cell (Wbc) Count With Differentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Telomere Length in Age-Matched Primiparous and Multiparous Brahman Cows

O’Daniel

Kochan

Long³

et al. 2023

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Physiological and psychological stressors have been associated with the attrition of telomeres, which are the protective caps of chromosomes. This study compares the telomere length (TL) in 4-year-old Brahman cows grouped by the first parity (n = 8) and the second parity (n = 11). The cows were bled via jugular venipuncture, weighed, and had their body condition scores recorded at Day −28 prior to calving and at Day + 7 and Day + 28 post-calving. The duration of labor (Dlabor) and parturition ease were recorded. The peripheral leukocytes were isolated, the leukocyte blood count with differential was recorded, and the genomic DNA was extracted. The relative quantity of telomere products, which is proportional to the average TL, was determined via multiplex quantitative PCR using the ratio (T/S ratio) of bovine telomere and β-globulin DNA. Standards of the bovine telomere (1012–107 dilution series) and β-globulin (109–104 dilution series) genes were utilized to produce relative copy numbers. The samples were assayed in triplicate and were included if the triplicate Cq difference was less than 0.25 cycles. The parity was the fixed effect, and the random effects included the sire and day repeated with the cow as the subject. Statistical significance was not observed in the leukocyte number or type (p > 0.1). A reduction in the TL of approximately 9225 telomeric copies was found between Parity 1 and Parity 2 (p = 0.02). A trend was found between the TL and Dlabor (p = 0.06). The stress of parturition and raising the first calf of a cow’s life may be responsible for TL attenuation. Parity may be considered a stressor of cow longevity.

show abstract

Hematology of Bovids

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

Potential Factors for Poor Reproducibility of In Vitro Hemolysis Testing

Potential Factors for Poor Reproducibility of In Vitro Hemolysis Testing

Hematocrit estimates comparing centrifugation to a point‐of‐care method in beef cattle living at high altitude

Comparison of Telomere Length in Age-Matched Primiparous and Multiparous Brahman Cows

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About