Hematologic response and serum and peritoneal fluid proteinogram of cattle affected by intestinal diseases and traumatic reticuloperitonitis

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the hematologic response and the serum and peritoneal fluid (PF) proteinogram of cattle affected by digestive diseases. Twenty-seven animals were distributed in two groups: GI (intestinal diseases) and GII (traumatic reticuloperitonitis, TRP). The animals were previously submitted to a physical exam. Subsequently, blood samples were collected to perform the complete blood count, determine the plasma protein and fibrinogen, and obtain the serum for proteinogram in polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). Simultaneously, PF was collected to perform physical and chemical evaluation and the electrophoretic profile (SDS-PAGE). ANOVA at the 5% probability level was used to compare the groups. The animals showed signs of apathy, dehydration, and gastrointestinal hypomotility in both groups. However, GI animals showed more significant clinical changes. The blood count of both groups (P > 0.05) showed leukocytosis due to neutrophilia and a regenerative left shift with hyperfibrinogenemia. The proteinogram of both body fluids allowed the identification of proteins albumin (ALB), transferrin (TRF), ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, ?1-acid glycoprotein (?1-AGP), MW 23000 Da, ?1-antitrypsin, IgA, and IgG. The [PT] PF/[PT] blood serum ratio of each of the identified proteins increased, showing statistical differences between groups (P < 0.05) regarding PT, ALB, TRF, ?1-AGP, and IgG values, with GI animals showing the highest ratio. Intestinal diseases and TRP triggered a systemic and local response characterized by clinical, hematological, and serum and PF proteinogram alterations. The proteins ?1-GPA, haptoglobin, and TRF measured in PF were good inflammation biomarkers and useful as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of digestive diseases in cattle.

Acute Abdominal Disorders in Dairy Cattle: What Can Clinicians Do under Field Conditions?

“…In severe sepsis, marked neutropenia and lymphopenia may be observed. Dos Santos et al, [1] found leukocytosis by neutrophilia with a regenerative left shift in focal or diffuse peritonitis.…”

“…Faecal output, consistency, and appearance are valuable information. Faeces that present mucus, blood, dark colour, and fetid odour are characteristic of gastrointestinal disease [1].…”

“…Abdominocentesis and peritoneal fluid (PF) analyses proved as an effective tool in the routine clinic of dairy cattle as they help to estimate the diagnosis of AA [1,2,8,28].…”

“…In dairy cattle, the highest emphasis has been placed on studies related to mastitis and diseases of the reproductive tract and hooves. However, information on abdominal diseases is scarce in the veterinary literature [1].…”

Type II Vagal Indigestion and Adynamic Ileus in a Pregnant Cow with Haemato-biochemical and Blood Gas Analysis

“…Animals with paralytic ileus show non-specific clinical signs and rectal findings (Radostits et al, 2007). However, reports on abdominal disorders in bovines are very scanty in veterinary literatures (Dos Santos et al, 2021 andMuino et al, 2021). Further, reports on type II vagal indigestion (papple abdomen) and paralytic ileus with favourable prognosis is scanty.…”