Hematologic reference intervals for koi (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>), including blood cell morphology, cytochemistry, and ultrastructure

Tripathi, Niraj; Latimer, Kenneth S.; Burnley, Victoria V.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-165x.2004.tb00353.x

Cited by 83 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These explain the higher values recorded in this study when compared with those of Adeyemo et al (2014) and Gabriel et al (2004) Also, the haematological parameters fell within the reference ranges reported in a cultured shortnose sturgeon but with slightly lower HBC and far higher MCV, MCH and WBC count (Knowles 2006). The PCV and WBC also fell within the reference ranges (30-34 %, 19.8-28.1×10 3 /μl) reported by Tripathi et al (2004) in koi (Cyprinus carpio), but higher HBC and RBC (6.30-7.60 g/dl and 1.70-1.90×10 6 /μl) count. All the haematological parameters determined lie within the reference ranges reported by Owolabi (2011) (Hrubec et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Normal haematological and blood biochemistry values of cultured Heteroclarias hybrid in South East Nigeria

Okorie-Kanu

Unakalamba

2014

Comp Clin Pathol

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This study investigated the normal haematological and blood biochemistry profile of apparently healthy cultured hybrid catfish Heteroclarias reared in concrete ponds in South East Nigeria. A total of 20 fish of two age ranges and equal sexes were used, and determination of haematological and blood biochemistry profile followed standard procedures. Results obtained for the parameters assessed for the young adults and adults respectively are summarized as follows (mean±standard error): packed cell volume, 32.50±1.10 and 37.33±0.75 %; haemoglobin concentration, 11.81±0.45 and 13.00±0.21 g/dl; red blood cell count, 3.14±0.07×10 6 and 3.09±0.07×10 6 /μl; mean corpuscular volume, 103.44±3.13 and 122.82±3.97 fl; mean corpuscular haemoglobin, 37.65± 1.50 and 42.35±1.47 pg; mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, 37.11±1.12 and 33.97±0.47 g/dl; white blood cell count, 18.39±1.04×10 3 and 20.92±0.67×10 3 /μl; alanine amino transferase, 30.90±0.18 and 38.17±0.16 IU; aspartate amino transferase, 54.20±0.22 and 50.29±0.25 IU; alkaline phosphatase, 5.00±0.54 and 9.55±0.74 IU; total proteins, 2.20±0.07 and 4.05±0.10 g/dl; albumin, 0.96±0.03 and 1.38±0.04 g/dl; globulin, 1.22±0.07 and 2.70±0.10 g/dl; plasma blood glucose, 94.17±8.16 and 175.89±10.38 mg/dl; total cholesterol, 85.33±4.34 and 153.14±8.63 mg/dl; calcium, 4.80±0.48 and 11.64±0.41 mg/dl; blood urea nitrogen, 1.24±0.27 and 1.03±0.13 mg/dl; and body weight, 287.50± 8.18 and 711.11±36.11 g. Results obtained showed significantly higher (p<0.05) values in adults in all the parameters assessed except red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, white blood cell count and blood urea nitrogen and significantly lower (p<0.05) aspartate aminotransferase activity. There were no significant changes (p>0.05) due to sex in all the haematological and blood biochemistry parameters assessed. Data generated from this study was considered important as deviations in the normal haematology and blood biochemistry values have a predictive value for general pathological and specific organ changes in the body.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Normal haematological and blood biochemistry values of cultured Heteroclarias hybrid in South East Nigeria

Okorie-Kanu

Unakalamba

2014

Comp Clin Pathol

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“…Among different fish species, lymphocytes are reported to exhibit moderately positive reactions for ANAE and ASDE. Lymphocytes of Cyprinus carpio (Tripathi et al 2004), Psetta maxima (Burrows et al 2001) and the catfish I. punctatus have been reported to be ANAE negative while those of Scophthalmus maximus (Burrows and Fletcher 1987) and Oreochromis mossambicus (Douggett et al 1987) were found to be ANAE positive. Among these species, only the lymphocytes of C. carpio were proved to be ASDE positive, although the other cell types were not studied for this enzyme.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Haematology and leucocyte enzyme cytochemistry of a threatened yellow catfish Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunther 1864)

Prasad

Charles

2010

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The haematology and leucocyte enzyme cytochemistry of Horabagrus brachysoma, a threatened freshwater catfish endemic to southern India, was studied using standard methods. Intra-specific variation was found for the haematological parameters, but this did not exceed the range of values observed in other catfishes. The relatively high haemoglobin (Hb) concentration may be indicative of an ability to breathe air and high activity. The erythrocytes are fully packed with Hb, revealing the bottom dwelling habit and primitive nature of this catfish. The leucocyte enzyme pattern also showed some variations from those of other fishes. Lymphocytes were positive only for peroxidase (PER) enzyme activity and negative for alkaline phosphatase (LAP), alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and naphthol ASD chloroacetate esterase (ASDE). Monocytes were weakly positive for ANAE activity and negative for the other three enzymes tested. Neutrophils were negative for LAP, ANAE and ASDE but showed a moderately strong positive reaction for PER. Basophils and eosinophils were found to be devoid of all of these enzymes. Thrombocytes were observed to have weakly positive PER and ASDE, but there was no demonstrable LAP and ANAE activity. A number of characteristics were identified that distinguish this species from other fishes: (1) lymphocytes of H. brachysoma are actively engaged in both phagocytosis and defence mechanisms, while the monocytes participate in cellular defence mechanisms, primarily phagocytosis; (2) thrombocytes function as a protection barrier as well as carrying out their normal function of haemato plug formation during blood clotting. Results from the haematological and leucocyte cytochemical analyses reveal the haematological make-up and effective immune mechanism of this threatened fish and show it to be highly adaptive in nature. The data may be useful in programmes aiming the effective conservation of this species.

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“…In contrast, the percentage of circulating B cells for humans is only ϳ2 to 8% of PBL (47). In koi, lymphocytes are categorized as small (Ͻ8 m), medium (8 to 10 m), or large (Ͼ10 m) cells based on their diameter (48). The distribution of B cells within the peripheral WBC of common carp has not yet been well characterized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of B Cells as a Major Site for Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3 Latency

Reed

Izume

Dolan

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), commonly known as koi herpesvirus (KHV), is a member of the Alloherpesviridae, and is a recently discovered emerging herpesvirus that is highly pathogenic for koi and common carp. Our previous study demonstrated that CyHV-3 becomes latent in peripheral white blood cells (WBC). In this study, CyHV-3 latency was further investigated in IgM IMPORTANCEThis is the first demonstration that a member of the Alloherpesviridae, cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), establishes a latent infection in the B cells of its host, Cyprinus carpio. In addition, this is the first report of identification of gene transcription during latency for a member of Herpesvirales outside Herpesviridae. This is also the first report that the hypothetical protein of latent transcript of CyHV-3 contains a consensus sequence with homology to a conserved domain of EBNA-3B from Epstein-Barr virus and ICP4 from herpes simplex virus 1, which are genes important for latency. These strongly suggest that latency is evolutionally conserved across vertebrates.

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Hematologic reference intervals for koi (Cyprinus carpio), including blood cell morphology, cytochemistry, and ultrastructure

Abstract: Hematologic reference intervals and knowledge of the cytochemical reactions and ultrastructural characteristics of koi leukocytes will help standardize hematologic studies in this species.

Cited by 83 publications

References 15 publications

Normal haematological and blood biochemistry values of cultured Heteroclarias hybrid in South East Nigeria

Normal haematological and blood biochemistry values of cultured Heteroclarias hybrid in South East Nigeria

Haematology and leucocyte enzyme cytochemistry of a threatened yellow catfish Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunther 1864)

Identification of B Cells as a Major Site for Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3 Latency

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