Hematite iron oxide nanoparticles: apoptosis of myoblast cancer cells and their arithmetical assessment

Abstract

Hematite (α-Fe2O3) forms iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) which are thermally stable and have various electrochemical and optochemical applications.

Cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and apoptotic responses in human coronary artery endothelial cells exposed to ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

“…The superparamagnetic properties of USPION have been exploited for drug, medical device and combination product applications (Singh, Jenkins, Asadi, & Doak, ) and are currently employed as theranostic agents in MRI, thermal therapy and as iron supplements (Lee et al, ; L. Li et al, ; W. Li et al, ). However, further evaluation of the safety of USPION in medical applications is needed due to reports describing adverse effects attributed to USPION (Dulinska‐Litewka et al, ; Hanini et al, ; Roszek, De Jong, & Geertsma, ; Thakor et al, ; Wahab et al, ). Coating USPION with polymers such as PVP is advantageous in mitigating particle aggregation, increasing systemic circulation time and protecting the iron oxide core from ion release (Thanh & Green, ).…”

“…In a study of copper nanoparticle toxicity, the degree of DNA degradation detected by gel electrophoresis was directly proportional to nanoparticle concentration (Jose et al, ). Evidence of apoptosis after USPION exposure was observed in the mouse myoblast C2C12 cell line by detecting caspase‐3/7 gene expression over a concentration range between 500 and 1000 ng/mL (Wahab et al, ).…”

“…USPION have been synthesized using diverse techniques (e.g., coprecipitation, laser pyrolysis, thermal decomposition) (Martelli et al, ; Unni et al, ; Zaloga et al, ), surface modified using a wide variety of molecules, and tested to determine biological responses employing different in vitro and in vivo models (Calero et al, 2013). In vitro test results have showed cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, epigenetic alterations and induction of apoptosis; some of the clinical observations during USPION therapy include anaphylactic and inflammatory reactions (Hanini et al, ; Thakor et al, ; Wahab, Khan, & Al‐Khedhairy, ). Some USPION‐based drugs have been withdrawn from the market due to adverse responses, presumably related to iron overload (Dulinska‐Litewka et al, ; Shen et al, ; Wei et al, ).…”

Toxicity of Fe2O3 nanoparticles on human blood lymphocytes

“…A research report shows that the global market requirement for metal oxide (especially iron oxide) NPs will be dramatically increased by 2020. Fe 2 O 3 NPs are one of the most important iron oxide NP S that have a wide range of unique properties . In recent years, NPs have been widely used in various fields.…”

Fabrication of random and aligned electrospun nanofibers containing graphene oxide for skeletal muscle cells scaffold

“…Such technique has been routinely applied in modern medicine for developing artificial implants, organs, and tissue engineering . Studies using skeletal muscle cells are relevant mainly in medicine for the diagnosis of diseases and their potential treatments using mimicked models and/or interactions with nanomaterials . Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles integrate the human muscle system, while tendons (collagen fibers) allow skeletal muscle cells to attach onto bones…”