Helicobacter pylori persistence: biology and disease

Blaser, Martin J.; Atherton, John C.

doi:10.1172/jci20925

Cited by 771 publications

(561 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…This may reflect the strain that we used, the route of exposure, or may simply mean that we did not account for some crucial piece of the puzzle that is yet unknown about the transmission of H. pylori via water. The genetic variability of H. pylori strains is vast,33 so it may be possible that some strains lack the capability to persist in water, but instead are transmitted only via other exposures, such as person‐to‐person or fecal‐oral routes 4…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced infectivity of waterborne viable but nonculturable Helicobacter pylori strain SS1 in mice

et al. 2017

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Background Helicobacter pylori infection has been consistently associated with lack of access to clean water and proper sanitation, but no studies have demonstrated that the transmission of viable but nonculturable (VBNC) H. pylori can occur from drinking contaminated water. In this study, we used a laboratory mouse model to test whether waterborne VBNC H. pylori could cause gastric infection.Materials and MethodsWe performed five mouse experiments to assess the infectivity of VBNC H. pylori in various exposure scenarios. VBNC viability was examined using Live/Dead staining and Biolog phenotype metabolism arrays. High doses of VBNC H. pylori in water were chosen to test the “worst‐case” scenario for different periods of time. One experiment also investigated the infectious capabilities of VBNC SS1 using gavage. Further, immunocompromised mice were exposed to examine infectivity among potentially vulnerable groups. After exposure, mice were euthanized and their stomachs were examined for H. pylori infection using culture and PCR methodology.Results VBNC cells were membrane intact and retained metabolic activity. Mice exposed to VBNC H. pylori via drinking water and gavage were not infected, despite the various exposure scenarios (immunocompromised, high doses) that might have permitted infection with VBNC H. pylori. The positive controls exposed to viable, culturable H. pylori did become infected.ConclusionsWhile other studies that have used viable, culturable SS1 via gavage or drinking water exposures to successfully infect mice, in our study, waterborne VBNC SS1 failed to colonize mice under all test conditions. Future studies could examine different H. pylori strains in similar exposure scenarios to compare the relative infectivity of the VBNC vs the viable, culturable state, which would help inform future risk assessments of H. pylori in water.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced infectivity of waterborne viable but nonculturable Helicobacter pylori strain SS1 in mice

et al. 2017

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“…This process occurs most often during early childhood and lasts throughout life in the absence of any adequate eradication therapy [1]. Not all people colonized with this bacteria exhibit disease symptoms, but importantly this condition predisposes towards their development [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acute phase is followed by a decreased antimicrobial response of the host organism and chronic H. pylori infection. Some people may develop gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastric cancer or mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of Helicobacter pylori in the development of gastric MALT lymphoma — induction of proliferation and immune suppression

Krzyżek

Kwiatkowska²

2017

Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology

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“…This infection has been associated with various gastroduodenal diseases and gastric cancers (1)(2)(3)(4). H. pylori colonization is typically followed by infiltration of the gastric mucosa by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes (5,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Neutrophil-Activating Protein of Helicobacter pylori Crosses Endothelia to Promote Neutrophil Adhesion In Vivo

Polenghi

Bossi

Fischetti

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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Helicobacter pylori induces an acute inflammatory response followed by a chronic infection of the human gastric mucosa characterized by infiltration of neutrophils/polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and mononuclear cells. The H. pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) activates PMNs, monocytes, and mast cells, and promotes PMN adherence to the endothelium in vitro. By using intravital microscopy analysis of rat mesenteric venules exposed to HP-NAP, we demonstrated, for the first time in vivo, that HP-NAP efficiently crosses the endothelium and promotes a rapid PMN adhesion. This HP-NAP-induced adhesion depends on the acquisition of a high affinity state of β2 integrin on the plasma membrane of PMNs, and this conformational change requires a functional p38 MAPK. We also show that HP-NAP stimulates human PMNs to synthesize and release a number of chemokines, including CXCL8, CCL3, and CCL4. Collectively, these data strongly support a central role for HP-NAP in the inflammation process in vivo: indeed, HP-NAP not only recruits leukocytes from the vascular lumen, but also stimulates them to produce messengers that may contribute to the maintenance of the flogosis associated with the H. pylori infection.

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Helicobacter pylori persistence: biology and disease

Cited by 771 publications

References 126 publications

Reduced infectivity of waterborne viable but nonculturable Helicobacter pylori strain SS1 in mice

Reduced infectivity of waterborne viable but nonculturable Helicobacter pylori strain SS1 in mice

The importance of Helicobacter pylori in the development of gastric MALT lymphoma — induction of proliferation and immune suppression

The Neutrophil-Activating Protein of Helicobacter pylori Crosses Endothelia to Promote Neutrophil Adhesion In Vivo

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