Helicobacter pylori Infection and a P53 Codon 72 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: a Reason for an Unexplained Asian Enigma

Abstract

Aim: P53, the most commonly mutated tumor suppressor gene in all types of human cancer, is involved in cell cycle arrest and control of apoptosis. Although p53 contains several polymorphic sites, the codon 72 polymorphism is by far more common. There are divergent reports but many studies suggest p53 pro/pro SNP may be associated with susceptibility to developing various cancers in different regions of the world. The present study aimed to find any correlation between H. pylori infection and progression of carcinogenesis, by studying apoptosis and the p53 gene in gastric biopsies from north Indian population. Materials and Methods: A total of 921 biopsies were collected and tested for prevalence of H. pylori by rapid urease test (RUT), imprint cytology and histology. Apoptosis was studied by the TUNEL method. Analysis of p53 gene polymorphism at codon 72 was accomplished by PCR using restriction enzyme BstU1. Observation: Out of 921 samples tested 56.7% (543) were H. pylori positive by the three techniques. The mean apoptotic index (AI) in the normal group was 2.12, while gastritis had the maximum 4.24 followed by gastric ulcer 2.28, gastropathy 2.22 and duodenal ulcer 2.08. Mean AI in cases with gastric cancer (1.72) was less than the normal group. The analysis of p53 72 SNP revealed that p53 (Arg/Arg), (Pro /Arg) variant are higher (40.59% & 33.66%) as compared to p53 pro/pro variant (25.74%) inthe healthy population. Conclusions: The North Indian population harbors Arg or Pro/Arg SNP that is capable of withstanding stress conditions; this may be the reason of low incidence of gastric disease in spite of high infection with H. pylori. There was no significant association with H. pylori infection and AI. However, there is increased apoptosis in gastritis which may occur independent of H. pylori or p53 polymorphism.

p53, a potential predictor ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection-associated gastric carcinogenesis?

“…The p53 Pro/Arg and p53 Arg/Arg single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants were also significantly more common than the p53 Pro/Pro variant in a population from North India, which exhibits a high prevalence of H. pylori infection but low GC incidence. Therefore, the Arg or Pro/Arg polymorphism may underlie these differences [ 58 ].…”

The Effect of Metronidazole on the Viability of Cal-27 Tongue Cancer Cells.

“…This ambiguity can be connected with the fact that it is impossible to prevent exposure to other carcinogenic factors in epidemiological trials. The issue has been extensively discussed in the case of patients with a Helicobacter pylori infection, which, per se, is a well-known gastric cancer risk factor and which is treated with metronidazole (16). A similar problem is observed in cervical cancer, where vaginal trichomoniasis is a risk factor and which is usually treated with metronidazole (17,18).…”

Two‐tiered deep‐learning‐based model for histologic diagnosis of Helicobacter gastritis

“…3,4 Hence, HP is classified as a WHO class 1 carcinogen. 5 HP infection is also associated with extra-digestive diseases, such as ischemic heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 6 Early diagnosis and eradication of HP can help in the prevention and control of these diseases.…”

“…Furthermore, HP infection is a major pathogenic factor for gastroduodenal ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, and mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach 3,4 . Hence, HP is classified as a WHO class 1 carcinogen 5 . HP infection is also associated with extra‐digestive diseases, such as ischemic heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 6 .…”