Helicobacter pylori infection, a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based cross-sectional study among dyspeptic patients in Douala-Cameroon

Abstract

Diabetic mellitus patients are usually prone to chronic infections. However, there have been contradictory reports about the association between H. pylori infection and type II diabetes. The present study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among type 2 dyspeptic diabetic patients in the littoral region of Cameroon. This cross sectional study comprised 93 type 2 diabetic dyspeptic patients and 112 non-diabetic dyspeptic patients attending the Gastroenterology Department at two reference hospitals in Douala-Cameroon. The study was approved by the local Ethical Committee of Medical Sciences. Participants were screened for the presence of both type 2 diabetes and H. pylori infection. Body mass index (BMI) of all the participants was also recorded. Data was analyzed using SSPS statistical package. H. pylori infection was found in 73.11% of diabetic patients versus 58.05% in non-diabetic participants, this difference was found to be significant (OR = 1.472, p = 0.0279). This relationship persists even when adjusted to factors such as age and income level of participants. Infected participants from age group ≥ 55 years and those with high income were those with a higher risk to develop diabetes. Infected patients with high BMI were more prone to develops diabetic mellitus compared with infected patients with normal BMI (p = 0.0034). Also, participant with high BMI were more prone to develops diabetic mellitus whether they were infected or not. Patients having both H. pylori + ve and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 were significantly more affected by diabetic mellitus than those in the others combined groups (p < 0.0001), suggested that high BMI and H. pylori infection together or not are factors that favor diabetes mellitus development. Separately or not, H. pylori infection and high BMI were risk factor for diabetes mellitus in our milieu. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an illness which mainly characterized by a high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) with defects in carbohydrates, protein and fat metabolism due to either absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and/or action. Regarding statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO), the most common type of diabetes is type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) with about 90% of diabetic patients suffering from this type 1. This type 2 diabetes mellitus is an evolving pandemic which is responsible for about 3.8 million of adult deaths worldwide 1 , anticipation from the WHO states that the number of adults deaths from diabetes will double by 2030 1. Long term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs are associated with chronic hyperglycemia. Also, susceptibility to certain infections can accompany this chronic hyperglycemia 2-4. Ricci et al. after investigation reported that upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms similar to those associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection are more common in patients with diabetes than in individuals with no diabetes (controls) 5. A report from Hungary suggested that there is an increase in the prevale...

Screening for the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among dyspeptic patients using simple fecal antigen and serum antibody diagnostic methods at Mukalla city Hospitals, Hadhramout, Yemen

“…Similar results of seroprevalence H. pylori showed in Vietnam 48.8% (Nguyen et al, 2017), Nigeria 28.0 and 36.3% (Samson et al, 2018;Daniyan et al, 2020). However, the results obtained in this study is lower than those of previous studies of anti-H. pylori seropositivity 98% (Misganaw and Abera, 2017), 64.39% (Mabeku et al, 2018), 51.4% (Chukwuma et al, 2020), 73.11 and 58.05% for dyspeptic diabetic patients and non-diabetic respectively (Mabeku et al, 2020), and fecoprevalence 81.8% (Sabh and El-Less, 2017). The reason for this variation could be due to difference in sample size, diagnostic methods, sanitation practice level of individuals and communities, living conditions or low levels of exposure to the risk factors other than that included in our study.…”

“…The data were confirmed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Similar results of other studies revealed that H. pylori infection was associated with dyspepsia (Misganaw and Abera, 2017;Tameshkel et al, 2018;Borges et al, 2019;Mabeku et al, 2020). Other study showed the predictor of seroprevalence H. pylori was found to be epigastric pain (Hamrah et al, 2017).…”

Helicobacter pylori-Related Extraintestinal Manifestations—Myth or Reality

“…In terms of obesity, most of the reported meta-analyses sustain a significant positive association between H. pylori and obesity risk [ 159 , 165 , 167 ] ( Table 2 ). Moreover, a recent study from Douala-Cameron showed that H. pylori and high body mass index, separately or not, were proven to be risk factors for diabetes mellitus [ 81 ]. Contrarily, Alzahrani et al found a relationship only between H. pylori infection and increased body mass index and not with type 2 diabetes mellitus [ 83 ].…”

Glycosides for Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: A Potential Medicinal Components

“…Another study administered salidroside (50 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day) to STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rats (that had been fed on a HFD for 4 weeks) for six weeks; analysis showed that both mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were alleviated. Analysis also showed that salidroside relieved type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by improving hyperglycemia and by ameliorating insulin resistance [ 79 ]; these results were critical because T2DM is characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance [ 95 ].…”