Abstract:Background:Although global studies such as the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) have provided valuable data on the prevalence of asthma in children in Latin America, there is little information on the relationship between asthma symptoms, pulmonary function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and atopy in the region. Methods: This study examined the relationship between self-reported wheezing in the past 12 months, pulmonary function, airway responsiveness and atopy in children… Show more
“…BHR seems to represent a different pathway in the association between obesity and asthma. In a recent study of children in Latin America, BHR rather than atopy was found to be a significant risk factor for current wheezing [28]. A population birth cohort study from the UK reported significant wheezing morbidity and BHR in individuals with a history of chronic childhood atopy, particularly in males; wheezing among individuals with no history of atopy or delayed childhood atopy was found to be associated with various environmental factors such as respiratory infection, parental smoking and breast feeding [29].…”
Background: Although several mechanisms underlying the asthma-obesity connection have been proposed, debates still remain. This study was to determine whether overweight is associated with a higher prevalence of atopy, asthma symptoms, airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) or biomarkers of inflammation in a sample of Korean adolescents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey involving questionnaires, skin tests, spirometry and methacholine challenge tests among 717 adolescents from Seoul (South Korea). Overweight status was defined as a BMI greater than the local age- and gender-specific 85th percentile. Results: Overweight subjects more frequently reported ever having wheezing (24.6 vs. 14.0%, p = 0.001) and wheezing in the previous 12 months (11.5 vs. 6.3%, p = 0.02) than normal-weight subjects, especially in boys. Atopy was more common among overweight adolescents than among those of normal weight (61.5 vs. 49.2%, p = 0.002), especially in boys (65.0 vs. 52.8%, p = 0.005). Overweight subjects had higher total WBC counts and eosinophil counts, especially boys. The presence of BHR was more common only among overweight girls (32.8 vs. 18.0%, p = 0.028). Overweight status was a significant risk factor for the presence of atopy (odds ratio = 1.49; 95% CI 1.06–2.10), after adjusting for various confounders by logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: An association was found between overweight status and both atopy and an increased prevalence of wheezing in adolescent Korean boys. These findings suggest that being overweight in puberty may be one of several risk factors responsible for atopy, BHR, and asthma symptoms.
“…BHR seems to represent a different pathway in the association between obesity and asthma. In a recent study of children in Latin America, BHR rather than atopy was found to be a significant risk factor for current wheezing [28]. A population birth cohort study from the UK reported significant wheezing morbidity and BHR in individuals with a history of chronic childhood atopy, particularly in males; wheezing among individuals with no history of atopy or delayed childhood atopy was found to be associated with various environmental factors such as respiratory infection, parental smoking and breast feeding [29].…”
Background: Although several mechanisms underlying the asthma-obesity connection have been proposed, debates still remain. This study was to determine whether overweight is associated with a higher prevalence of atopy, asthma symptoms, airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) or biomarkers of inflammation in a sample of Korean adolescents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey involving questionnaires, skin tests, spirometry and methacholine challenge tests among 717 adolescents from Seoul (South Korea). Overweight status was defined as a BMI greater than the local age- and gender-specific 85th percentile. Results: Overweight subjects more frequently reported ever having wheezing (24.6 vs. 14.0%, p = 0.001) and wheezing in the previous 12 months (11.5 vs. 6.3%, p = 0.02) than normal-weight subjects, especially in boys. Atopy was more common among overweight adolescents than among those of normal weight (61.5 vs. 49.2%, p = 0.002), especially in boys (65.0 vs. 52.8%, p = 0.005). Overweight subjects had higher total WBC counts and eosinophil counts, especially boys. The presence of BHR was more common only among overweight girls (32.8 vs. 18.0%, p = 0.028). Overweight status was a significant risk factor for the presence of atopy (odds ratio = 1.49; 95% CI 1.06–2.10), after adjusting for various confounders by logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: An association was found between overweight status and both atopy and an increased prevalence of wheezing in adolescent Korean boys. These findings suggest that being overweight in puberty may be one of several risk factors responsible for atopy, BHR, and asthma symptoms.
“…Estas cifras son similares a lo descrito previamente por nosotros en esta misma área de Santiago 17 ; sin embargo, es más baja que la comunicada por otros autores en esta misma ciudad 16 , quienes en un estudio de 237 niños asmáticos encontraron que 62,5% tenían asma atópica. Leung en Hong Kong, en un estudio de 204 niños asmáticos de una edad promedio similar a la de nuestro grupo (8,2 años), encontró una prevalencia de TC positivo de 83%, predominantemente a ácaros del polvo de habitación 22 .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…La fracción de sibilancias en los últimos 12 meses atribuible a sensibilización atópica varió desde 0% en Ankara (Turquía) a 93,8% en Guangzhou (China); también se encontró que en los países desarrollados 41% de los síntomas actuales de asma son atribuibles a la atopia. En un estudio realizado en escolares chilenos sanos y con síntomas actuales de asma, nosotros demostramos que la reactividad bronquial en niños con y sin síntomas actuales de asma puede estar aumentada sin que haya un aumento concomitante en la atopia 17 .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…En niños asmáticos, la prevalencia de sensibi-lización a alérgenos (evaluada con pruebas cutá-neas) es también muy variable y de acuerdo con distintos estudios latinoamericanos oscila entre 25% y 63% [16][17][18] , sin embargo, los resultados de esos estudios no son comparables por diferencias en las poblaciones estudiadas y en su metodología. En 2 trabajos previos, también en la ciudad de Santiago, se ha evaluado la prevalencia de sensibilización en niños asmáticos, y en adolescentes con y sin sibilancias en los últimos 12 meses.…”
unclassified
“…En el primer trabajo, en un grupo de 237 niños asmáticos de 4 a 14 años de edad, se realizó prueba de punción cutánea (prick test o test cutáneo [TC]) con 39 alérgenos (aéreos y alimentarios) y se encontró una prevalencia de TC positivo de 62,5%, sin diferenciar porcentajes de positividad a alérge-nos alimentarios o aéreos 16 . En el otro trabajo, de tipo casos-controles, en muestras aleatorias de 100 adolescentes con y sin sibilancias en los últimos 12 meses desde una muestra a nivel de comunidad de 3.200 niños, la prevalencia de TC positivo a aeroalérgenos fue 44% en los con sín-tomas actuales de asma y 42% en los sin síntomas previos de asma 17 . Debido a que las diferencias metodológicas impiden comparaciones y dificultan interpretaciones, y considerando el número relativamente bajo de niños en ambos estudios, creímos necesario actualizar la información en nuestra área en una población altamente seleccionada y en un mayor número de pacientes.…”
Prevalence of atopy in 1,199 asthmatic children from southern Santiago, Chile . Sixty five percent of positive children reacted to one or more allergens. There were no adverse reactions. Conclusions: In the southern metropolitan area of Santiago de Chile, half of children with asthma are sensitized to common aeroallergens. (Rev Med Chile 2014; 142: 567-573)
Background: Genetic variants underlying African ancestry have been suggested be implicated in the ethnic-racial inequalities reported for asthma and allergies.Objectives: To investigate the association between individual African ancestry and asthma symptoms, atopic and non-atopic asthma, and atopy in children.
Methods:A cross-sectional study encompassing 1190 individuals was conducted.African biogeographic ancestry was estimated using 370 539 genome-wide SNPs.Serum levels of specific IgE were measured, and skin prick test (SPT) performed for the most common local aeroallergens. Information on asthma symptoms was obtained by applying the International Study of Allergy and Asthma in Childhood questionnaire. The associations between the proportion of individual African ancestry and the outcomes investigated were analyzed through multivariate models adjusted for socio-environmental variables, infections markers, and psychosocial factors.Results: Each 20% increase in the proportion of African ancestry was negatively associated with SPT reactivity (OR: 0.79, 95%CI: 0.66-0.96) and positively associated with asthma symptoms in non-atopic individuals (OR: 1.40, 95%CI: 1.03-1.89). We estimated that socioeconomic status and number of infections mediated 28.4% of the effect of African ancestry on SPT reactivity, while 20.2% of the effect on Pediatric Pulmonology. 2019;54:125-132.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ppul
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