Heavy-Particle Radiography

Benton, E.V.; Henke, R.P.; Tobias, Cornelius A.

doi:10.1126/science.182.4111.474

Cited by 68 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Initial biological and physical results were reported by Tobias (1971), Todd et al (1971), and Schimmerling et al (1973Schimmerling et al ( , 1976Schimmerling et al ( , 1977. The additional potential of using heavy ions for medical research became evident when radioactive beams were produced for the first time (Tobias et al, 1971b), and when heavy ions produced the first radiographic images (Benton et al, 1973).…”

Section: Oxygen Enhancement Ratiomentioning

confidence: 95%

Heavy-Ion Radiobiology: Cellular Studies

Blakely

Ngo

Curtis

et al. 1984

Advances in Radiation Biology

198

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Section: Oxygen Enhancement Ratiomentioning

confidence: 95%

Heavy-Ion Radiobiology: Cellular Studies

Blakely

Ngo

Curtis

et al. 1984

Advances in Radiation Biology

198

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“…1 Since that time, a number of publications about proton and heavy particle radiography and tomography have appeared in the literature, mainly discussing proton imaging as a diagnostic tool. [2][3][4][5][6] However, because most of the technological efforts successfully went into improving diagnostic x-ray CT, the interest in medical proton CT stagnated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density resolution of proton computed tomography

et al. 2005

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Conformal proton radiation therapy requires accurate prediction of the Bragg peak position. Protons may be more suitable than conventional x rays for this task since the relative electron density distribution can be measured directly with proton computed tomography ͑CT͒. However, proton CT has its own limitations, which need to be carefully studied before this technique can be introduced into routine clinical practice. In this work, we have used analytical relationships as well as the Monte Carlo simulation tool GEANT4 to study the principal resolution limits of proton CT. The noise level observed in proton CT images of a cylindrical water phantom with embedded tissueequivalent density inhomogeneities, which were generated based on GEANT4 simulations, compared well with predictions based on Tschalar's theory of energy loss straggling. The relationship between phantom thickness, initial energy, and the relative electron density resolution was systematically investigated to estimate the proton dose needed to obtain a given density resolution. We show that a reasonable density resolution can be achieved with a relatively small dose, which is comparable to or even lower than that of x-ray CT.

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“…Proton radiography (Steward and Koehler, 1974) or radiography with 4 16 40 heavier ions (Benton, et al , 1973) such as He, O, or Ne has the potential of resolving density differences of 0.5 to 1 part in 1000; thus with these tech niques the small differences in density between normal and cancerous or infected tissues can give a new dimension to clinical diagnostic medicine. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the United States Atomic Energy Commission.…”

Section: Display Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional reconstruction in nuclear medicine by iterative least- squares and fourier transform techniques

Budinger¹,

Gullberg²

1974

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Quantitative three-dimensional distribution oi isotopes in patients is de termined by digital reconstruction of data from many views taken by rotating the subject at 10' intervals before the gamma camera. The superiority of these techniques over conventional tomography is demonstrated by comparisons between reconstruction algorithms such as back-projection, simultaneous iterative reconstruction, iterative least-squares, and back-projection of filtered projection. The filtered back-projection technique (convolution method) is superior in speed; however, for quantitative results that take into account both noise and attenuation, the iterative least-squares method gives the best approximation to the real source distributions. Resolution is 1.25 cm for detection of holes in 20-cm-diameter objects.Mathematical basis and FORTRAN listings applicable o transmission and emission imaging are given, as well as phantom and patient studies.

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Heavy-Particle Radiography

Cited by 68 publications

References 10 publications

Heavy-Ion Radiobiology: Cellular Studies

Heavy-Ion Radiobiology: Cellular Studies

Density resolution of proton computed tomography

Three-dimensional reconstruction in nuclear medicine by iterative least- squares and fourier transform techniques

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