Heavy-Ion Radiobiology: Cellular Studies

Blakely, Eleanor A.; Ngo, Frank Q.H.; Curtis, Stanley B.; Tobias, Cornelius A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-035411-5.50013-7

Cited by 198 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 226 publications

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“…Combinations with hypoxic sensitizers have been proposed for SBRT. 52 Owing to the reduction of OER using heavy ions, 14,53 CPTmay be an alternative. Targeting specifically hypoxic regions can be achieved with strategies of dose- 54 or LET-painting.…”

Section: Hypofractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 RBE is in fact a function of several factors, often non-independent: biological end point, tissue type, proliferation status, dose, dose rate, oxygen concentration, culture conditions (in vitro) or metabolism (in vivo) and so forth. Replicating in vitro measurements on different cell lines, as done many times since the Berkeley experiments, 14 cannot reduce this intrinsic variability. Modelling will always be necessary for including RBE in the treatment planning, and here, there is room for improvements switching from phenomenological to mechanistic models.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In CPT, the RBEweighted absorbed dose is expressed in Gy(RBE), which replaces the former grey-equivalent (GyE) or cobalt-grey-equivalent (CGE). 13 Despite many years of studies, starting at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) in the 1970s 14 and then at GSI, Darmstadt, Germany; Heavy-Ion Medical Accelerator, Chiba, Japan; Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, and many other accelerators, uncertainty about RBE is still very high. RBE is indeed the main source of uncertainty about the estimates of cancer risk for interplanetary missions ( Figure 1) 15 and in dose estimation in CPT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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New challenges in high-energy particle radiobiology

Durante

2014

BJR

123

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Densely ionizing radiation has always been a main topic in radiobiology. In fact, a-particles and neutrons are sources of radiation exposure for the general population and workers in nuclear power plants. More recently, high-energy protons and heavy ions attracted a large interest for two applications: hadrontherapy in oncology and space radiation protection in manned space missions. For many years, studies concentrated on measurements of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the energetic particles for different end points, especially cell killing (for radiotherapy) and carcinogenesis (for late effects). Although more recently, it has been shown that densely ionizing radiation elicits signalling pathways quite distinct from those involved in the cell and tissue response to photons. The response of the microenvironment to charged particles is therefore under scrutiny, and both the damage in the target and non-target tissues are relevant. The role of individual susceptibility in therapy and risk is obviously a major topic in radiation research in general, and for ion radiobiology as well. Particle radiobiology is therefore now entering into a new phase, where beyond RBE, the tissue response is considered. These results may open new applications for both cancer therapy and protection in deep space.Biological effects of densely ionizing radiation have been studied since the beginning of radiobiology. As a matter of fact, a-particles deliver the main contribution to the background radiation dose on Earth, owing to inhalation of the indoor radon.1 Neutrons have also been extensively studied because of protection of workers in nuclear power plants; use of fast neutrons in radiotherapy; and of the exposure of the survivors of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, where a neutron component was added to g-rays. Bacq and Alexander 2 already elegantly described the radiobiology of a-particles and neutrons in their 1955 seminal book.More recently, radiobiology research has focused on highenergy protons and heavy ions, mostly for two reasons: charged particle therapy (CPT) in oncology and radiation protection in manned space missions. In both cases, charged particles at energies .100 MeV n 21 are involved. The characteristic depth-dose distribution with the sharp Bragg peak at the end of the range can be exploited for killing tumours; on the other hand, densely ionizing radiation can effectively delay tissue morbidity. Notwithstanding the many differences in exposure conditions, CPT and space radiation protection share several research topics, including individual sensitivity, non-targeted effects, late stochastic effects and so forth.3 Research in these fields requires large high-energy accelerators and is often performed by the same research groups with a common interest in particle radiobiology. Research is rapidly moving forward owing to the diffusion of CPT centres in the USA, Europe, and Asia 4 and to the growing interest in manned space exploration, now a priority for all space agencies, 5 but wi...

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Section: Hypofractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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New challenges in high-energy particle radiobiology

Durante

2014

BJR

123

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“…RBEs in tumor cells and in normal tissues are basic essentials for heavy-ion radiotherapy. 3 There are two experimental methods for the abovementioned life-science studies. One is micro-beam experiments; low-energy single ions irradiate cell samples with an accuracy of sub-micrometers in order to investigate microscopic processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments of ion sources for life-science studies at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (invited)

Kitagawa¹,

Drentje²,

Fujita³

et al. 2015

Review of Scientific Instruments

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With about 1000-h of relativistic high-energy ion beams provided by Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba, about 70 users are performing various biology experiments every year. A rich variety of ion species from hydrogen to xenon ions with a dose rate of several Gy/min is available. Carbon, iron, silicon, helium, neon, argon, hydrogen, and oxygen ions were utilized between 2012 and 2014. Presently, three electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRISs) and one Penning ion source are available. Especially, the two frequency heating techniques have improved the performance of an 18 GHz ECRIS. The results have satisfied most requirements for life-science studies. In addition, this improved performance has realized a feasible solution for similar biology experiments with a hospital-specified accelerator complex.

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“…Particle therapy delivering protons and carbon ions is emerging as a valuable technique in cancer treatment (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commissioning and Quality Assurance of an Integrated System for Patient Positioning and Setup Verification in Particle Therapy

Pella

Riboldi

Tagaste

et al. 2014

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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In an increasing number of clinical indications, radiotherapy with accelerated particles shows relevant advantages when compared with high energy X-ray irradiation. However, due to the finite range of ions, particle therapy can be severely compromised by setup errors and geometric uncertainties. The purpose of this work is to describe the commissioning and the design of the quality assurance procedures for patient positioning and setup verification systems at the Italian National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO). The accuracy of systems installed in CNAO and devoted to patient positioning and setup verification have been assessed using a laser tracking device. The accuracy in calibration and image based setup verification relying on in room X-ray imaging system was also quantified. Quality assurance tests to check the integration among all patient setup systems were designed, and records of daily QA tests since the start of clinical operation (2011)

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Heavy-Ion Radiobiology: Cellular Studies

Cited by 198 publications

References 226 publications

New challenges in high-energy particle radiobiology

New challenges in high-energy particle radiobiology

Recent developments of ion sources for life-science studies at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (invited)

Commissioning and Quality Assurance of an Integrated System for Patient Positioning and Setup Verification in Particle Therapy

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