"Heavy metals" a meaningless term? (IUPAC Technical Report)

Duffus, John H.

doi:10.1351/pac200274050793

Cited by 1,096 publications

(387 citation statements)

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“…Ullah [13] defined heavy metals as the generic term for metallic elements which have density five times greater than density of water, but as stated by Duffus [14], the term "heavy metals" has been given wide range of meaning by many authors, and it has never been defined by any authoritative body such as IUPAC. However, "heavy metals" is often used as a group name for metals and metalloids that have been associated with contamination and potential toxicity or ecotoxicity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Heavy Metals on Occupationally Exposed Workers from Hair Analysis

et al. 2017

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The use of human hair as a tool in assessing changes and abnormalities in human bodies has been increasing for last decades since it may reflect the health status or environmental condition of habitation or working place of individuals as well as population groups. Compared to other body tissue or fluids, hair provides an ease of elemental analysis especially in reflecting the long-term exposure. This research was conducted to determine the elemental content especially heavy metals, since they are bioaccumulated in human body organs and impact human health, in hair of workshop workers and traffic services officers as exposed groups and its comparison with control group and references data for assessing of occupational exposure. Thirty-five automotive workshop workers and 32 traffic services officers' hair specimens were collected in Bandung, while hair specimens of the control group were collected from 43 healthy individuals. The elemental concentrations in hair specimen were analyzed using neutron activation analysis (NAA) for mercury and chromium, and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) for lead and arsenic. The accuracy of the method was evaluated using GBW 07601 human hair certified reference material (CRM) and it was found to give good results in accordance with the certificate values. It was found that chromium, lead, and arsenic hair concentration in exposed groups (0.88, 10.7, and 0.051 mg/kg, respectively) were higher than in control group (0.27, 4.52, and 0.045 mg/kg, respectively), while mercury hair concentration of traffic services officers were higher than control group but mercury hair concentration of automotive workshop workers were lower than in control group (1.41 mg/kg). The t-test statistical results shown that mercury concentrations in one exposed group did not differ significantly from the control, but other exposed groups showed otherwise. The level of mercury in hair is strongly attributed not only to environmental exposure, but also to lifestyle and dietary habits, while t-test statistical results of chromium and lead differ significantly with p value < 0.05. These results indicate that heavy metal hair concentrations were well quantified to show the abnormalities of elemental concentration in human hair for evaluating the occupational exposure.

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Assessment of Heavy Metals on Occupationally Exposed Workers from Hair Analysis

et al. 2017

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“…No pueden ser degradados o destruidos fácilmente de forma natural o biológica ya que no tienen funciones metabólicas específicas para los seres vivos (Méndez et al, 2009), agrupan sustancias como cadmio y mercurio, principales contaminantes, además de níquel y plomo, entre otras. Pueden incorporarse a un sistema de abastecimiento de agua por medio de residuos industriales que son vertidos sin previos tratamientos, y posteriormente se depositan en lagos, ríos y distintos sistemas acuíferos (Duffus, 2002). En los cultivos, la acumulación de metales pesados se da por medio de su absorción por el agua de regadío contaminada, por la tierra mediante las raíces o por la deposición en el follaje de partículas aerotransportadas (Mor & Ceylan, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Concentración iónica y metales pesados en el agua de riego de la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Tuxcacuesco-Armería

Villa

Zamorano

Guerrero

et al. 2017

Idesia

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RESUMENLos altos niveles de concentración de metales pesados en agua utilizada para riego representan un problema importante para la agricultura y la salud humana, así como para la biodiversidad, por tal motivo se realizó el presente trabajo en relación con la calidad del agua en la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Tuxcacuesco-Armería. El estudio se realizó entre febrero y abril de 2014, se tomaron 40 muestras de agua. Se analizaron el potencial de hidrógeno, la conductividad eléctrica (CE), aniones y cationes, así como As y metales pesados totales: Cd, Hg y Pb. En la distribución de la concentración iónica predominó el anión bicarbonato y el catión magnesio. Los metales pesados se determinaron utilizando la metodología recomendada por la EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) y APHA (American Public Health Association). Se comparó la calidad del agua con los criterios de la NOM-001- ECOL-1996, de EPA (1986) y SEDUE (1989. Los resultados mostraron valores bajos en la concentración de metales pesados en agua para riego agrícola y uso urbano, no así para aguas naturales, pues 100% de las muestras presentaron concentraciones por encima de los límites permisibles para Hg y 92,5% para Pb. La concentración más alta la presentó el Hg con valores de 0,0039 mg L -1 a 0,0203 mg L -1 , mientras que la menor con valores de 0,0007 mg L -1 a 0,0086 mg L -1 fue para el Pb. En cuanto a salinidad, las muestras entraron en las clasificaciones C2, C3 y C4, y en sodicidad todas se clasificaron como S1. En solidos totales disueltos la mayoría presentan valores entre 450-2.000 mg L -1 .Palabras clave: metales pesados, agua de riego, límites permisibles. -001-ECOL-1996, EPA (1986) and SEDESOL (1989 ABSTRACT High levels of heavy metals concentrations in water used for irrigation represent an important agriculture and human health problem as well as for biodiversity, for that reason this paper regarding water quality in the basin was conducted river

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“…The term heavy metal is used for elements which are toxic. At the same time, many authors (Phipps, 1981;Duffus, 2002) have critically called the term heavy metals as meaningless and objectionable. Heavy metals are natural constituents of freshwater and marine system and are found in very trace amounts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccumulation of zinc in Rana tigrina in different aquatic habitats

Nasir¹,

Ansari²,

Yasin³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Some creatures are very sensitive to water borne pollutants and can be used as useful bio-indicators of water pollutions. The present study used these bio-indicators to determine the status regarding health of freshwater habitats. The study was carried out to quantify Zn in kidney and liver of Rana tigrina from different aquatic habitats (canal, fish pond and sewage water) by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Liver and kidney tissues of R. tigrina from sewage habitat showed elevated levels of Zn compared to those collected from canal and fish pond water habitats. Hence, it may be concluded that R. tigrina is one of the good bio-indicator species for heavy metals. It can be used to assess the heavy metal load and pollution of aquatic ecosystems.

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"Heavy metals" a meaningless term? (IUPAC Technical Report)

Cited by 1,096 publications

References 8 publications

Assessment of Heavy Metals on Occupationally Exposed Workers from Hair Analysis

Assessment of Heavy Metals on Occupationally Exposed Workers from Hair Analysis

Concentración iónica y metales pesados en el agua de riego de la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Tuxcacuesco-Armería

Bioaccumulation of zinc in Rana tigrina in different aquatic habitats

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