Heavy Metal Contamination in Vegetables and Their Toxic Effects on Human Health

Manwani, Seema; C.R., Vanisree; Jaiman, Vibha; Awasthi, Kumud Kant; Yadav, Chandra Shekhar; Sankhla, Mahipal Singh; Pandit, Pritam P.; Awasthi, Garima

doi:10.5772/intechopen.102651

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The consumption of vegetables by the people is on the increase all over the world because they contain essential components that function as essential nutrients, antioxidants, and metabolites that participate as buffers for acidic products of digestion [10]. Vegetables form a vital component of the normal diet because they are composed of nutritionally useful substances that are needed for human existence [11].…”

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Vegetable Cultivated on Land Polluted through Illegal Mining

Yaradua

Bungudu²,

Shuaibu³

et al. 2023

ACRI

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The risk of exposure to the population from heavy metals in an area that have witnessed a surge in illegal mining activities, cattle rustling and banditry were evaluated in the current study. Lettuce leaves sample from Gadirge village, Jibia local Government area, Katsina State, Nigeria was evaluated for the presence of heavy metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The health risks of the evaluated heavy metals in the sample to the population were assessed using the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Health Risk Index (HRI)) to assess the possible non-carcinogenic effect and the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) for the cancer risks. The result of the mean concentration values of the evaluated heavy metals Fe and Pb from the sample falls above the Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MAC) of heavy metals in leafy vegetables. The concentrations of the other metals including Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn and Cd evaluated in the sample were within the permissible values. The result of the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) associated with the evaluated heavy metals exposure through consumption of the sample for adults and children were all lower than 1, with exception of the THQ for the heavy metals Fe and Mn in the adults and children population that was above 1. The combined health risks for all the metals in the sample for the adults and children population represented as the HRI were higher than 1, the result of the Incremental Life Cancer Risk (ILCR) for both the adult and children population has revealed that the heavy metal Ni was beyond the threshold of the safety limit for cancer risk. There is a health risk concern from consumption of the sample as the vegetable may contribute to the disease burden of the population.

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Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Vegetable Cultivated on Land Polluted through Illegal Mining

Yaradua

Bungudu²,

Shuaibu³

et al. 2023

ACRI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Vegetables are the most preferred nutrition for people all over the world due to their high content of needed essential nutrients, antioxidants, and metabolites that perform the action of buffers for acidic metabolic intermediates that are produced during the course of digestion [10]. Vegetables are a most ingredient of the normal diet because they contain nutritionally vital substances that are required for healthy living [11].…”

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Vegetable: The Contribution of Illegal Mining and Armed Banditry to Heavy Metal Pollution in Katsina State, Nigeria

Yaradua

Bungudu

Shuaibu

et al. 2023

JSRR

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The health risk to the population from exposure to heavy metals in an area that have witnessed a surge in illegal mining activities, cattle rustling and banditry were evaluated in the current study. Moringa leaves sample from Jabiyawa village, Jibia local Government area, Katsina State, Nigeria was evaluated for the presence of heavy metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The health risks of the evaluated heavy metals in the sample to the population were assessed using the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Health Risk Index (HRI)) to assess the possible non-carcinogenic effect and the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) for the cancer risks. The result of the mean concentration values of the evaluated heavy metals Fe, Cu and Pb from the sample falls above the Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MAC) of heavy metals in leafy vegetables. The concentrations of the other metals including Zn, Ni, Mn and Cd evaluated in the sample were within the permissible values The results of the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) associated with the evaluated heavy metals exposure through consumption of the sample for adults and children were below 1, with exception of the THQ for the heavy metal Cu in the children population that was above 1. The combined health risks for all the metals in the sample for the adults and children population represented as the HRI were above 1. The result of the Incremental Life Cancer Risk (ILCR) for both the adults and children population shows that the heavy metal Ni is beyond the threshold of the safety limit for cancer risk. There is a health risk concern from consumption of the sample as the vegetable may contribute to the disease burden of the population.

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“…For the general population, the most significant route of exposure to metals is through food. Edible plants, mainly vegetables and cereal products, account for the highest intake of metals such as cadmium, lead, and zinc [ 2 ]. At the same time, fish and seafood are the primary sources of mercury exposure [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risks for Consumers of Forest Ground Cover Produce Contaminated with Heavy Metals

Niezgoda,

Dziubanek,

Rogala

et al. 2024

Toxics

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Background: The activity of heavy metal (HM) mining and processing industries causes soils contamination with HM. The metals could be transferred from contaminated soils to edible plants and fungi. This study aimed to assess the content of Cd, Pb, Hg, As, and Ni in berries and edible mushrooms collected in the forests located near Miasteczko Slaskie zinc smelter and in the Lubliniec region, in the context of consumers’ health risk. Methods: The ET-AAS method was used to determine the content of Cd, Pb, Ni, and As. Mercury concentration was determined using the CV-AFS method. Results: The studies showed high levels of Cd and Pb in the examined products. A statistically significant impact of the distance from the smelter on the Cd concentration in the berries was observed. Total non-cancer health risk from the combined exposure of adults to all HM in mushrooms and berries was significant when consuming the most heavily contaminated produce. The risk to children was significant, even when consuming products with moderate levels of the metals. Ingestion of Cd by children with mushrooms was related to a high cancer risk. The uncertainty of the results was determined. Conclusions: It is recommended to take action to increase awareness among residents of the areas adjacent to the forests regarding the existing health risk and to take possible measures to reduce exposure to HM.

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Heavy Metal Contamination in Vegetables and Their Toxic Effects on Human Health

Cited by 20 publications

References 95 publications

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Vegetable Cultivated on Land Polluted through Illegal Mining

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Vegetable Cultivated on Land Polluted through Illegal Mining

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Vegetable: The Contribution of Illegal Mining and Armed Banditry to Heavy Metal Pollution in Katsina State, Nigeria

Health Risks for Consumers of Forest Ground Cover Produce Contaminated with Heavy Metals

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