Heavy metal contaminant remediation study of western Xiamen Bay sediment, China: Laboratory bench scale testing results

Shih

Huang

et al. 2021

JMSE

The quantitative evaluation of restocking and stock replenishment is essential for providing operational feedback and implementing adaptive management for future restoration projects. Since 2010, approximately 700 million juvenile shrimp (Penaeus penicillatus) have been released into Xiamen Bay, Fujian Province, China, each year, through stock replenishment programs. The recruited shrimp were sampled through three-year bottom trawl surveys from 2014 to 2017. The biological characteristics and catch equation were used to evaluate the effect of restocking and stock replenishment. The analysis uses the FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool (FISAT II) program. In general, there are two sources of recruitments—one from spawning brood stock and the other from released juvenile shrimp. We constructed an evaluation model for an effect evaluation based on Baranov’s catch equation to separate the initial recruitment volume using survey data. The relationship between body weight and total length was W =1.638 TL2.9307. There is no statistically significant difference between males and females. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters derived for prawns, using FiSAT II, were L∞ = 209.6 mm and K = 0.51 per year. In spring 2014, the initial resource amount was 49,200, while the ratio of effective recruitment and parent amount was 3.92. The survival rate of the released shrimp larvae, 1.88‱, seems to be very unsatisfactory. The resource amount in summer and autumn is higher than in winter and spring. Obviously, the restocking effect is lower and the programs need to be improved. To improve the restocking effect, the replenishment performance should be adjusted to reduce the mortality rate and increase its release effectiveness. Therefore, corresponding implementations are recommended, including standard extensive culture, reduction in stress during transportation, and temporary culture.

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effects Related to Restocking and Stock Replenishment of Penaeus penicillatus in the Xiamen Bay, China

Shih

Huang

et al. 2021

JMSE

“…It can be observed nowadays that a number of physical, chemical and hybrid techniques to extract metals from solid phase is available in the scientific literature (Vandevivere et al, 2001;Andreottola et al 2010;Zhang et al 2009;Yoo et al 2013;Kirkelund et al 2009). However, even though several researchers have been studying different techniques to extract/recover metals, research has been mostly conducted with artificially polluted media, which makes it difficult to predict functionality in real conditions and upscale the process.…”

Section: Metals Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yoo et al(2013) focused also on dredged marine bottom sediments and the feasibility of using chemical complexation washing agents to extract metals. Studies about remediation of metals from bay sediments and the main parameters playing important roles on the process performance were conducted in laboratory by Zhang et al (2009), in which the use of chemical complexation reagents such as ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid, disodium salt (EDTA-2Na), sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), acetic acid (HAc), oxalic acid (H2C2O4), ammonium acetate (NH4Ac) and ammonium oxalate ((NH4)2 C2O4) was studied. As it can be observed in the literature, there have been some investigations focused on harbor Linnaeus ECO-TECH´14, Kalmar, Sweden November 24-26, 2014 sediments and Kirkelund et al (2009) studied in laboratory scale the use of electrodyalitic process as extraction strategy to tackle Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd strongly bound to anoxic sediments.…”

Section: Metals Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Zhang et al (2009), even though various sediment technologies have been tested since the 1990´s most of them have been still in experimental and validation stages emphasizing the needs to investigate and develop proper methods to combine remediation and metal recovery from fine graded waste to be applied in real conditions. Furthermore, Vandevivere et al (2001) has stated that efficiency and time required washing and extracting metals from real polluted soils and sediments were longer than the ones required when studying artificially polluted solid matrixes highlighting the importance of carrying out research dealing with real problems and real polluted media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Beyond the zero waste concept

et al. 2017

During the last 40 years the existing solid waste handling system schemes have been developed and implemented including advanced systems for recovery and reuse. However, even though these recycling systems have not been always economically feasible during the entire period, recycling systems have been implemented thanks to the wide support from the citizens and their interest for source separation. There has been a feeling among citizens and even waste management companies that this is a sustainable and nature resources saving way to work. Today "the zero waste concept" is used more and more both in Sweden and other parts of the world discussing different ways of modern waste management in order to reduce the amount of waste for final disposal as much as possible close to zero. The existing challenges in the future include recovery of metals, nutrients, and other valuable constituents that have escaped from the anthropogenic circuits since the industrial. During the next 30 years more focus must be directed towards recovery of lost resources in ore mining waste, old landfills, in harbor and sea sediments, slag, ashes, sludge but also materials that are bound to urban constructions as residential, commercial and industrial infrastructures, water distribution networks, sewage systems and underground electric/electronic networks such as telephone etc. An overview regarding the recovery of mentioned materials and chemical compounds called "Beyond the zero waste concept" will be presented in this paper in order to raise concerns and awareness about the importance of establishing a new model of waste management schemes..

“…The clay minerals in the sediments are mainly illite, kaolinite, chlorite and montmorillonite, and Jiulong River runoff transport is the main factor for the formation of clay mineral deposits in Xiamen Bay. The rapid development of the regional economy has also brought much pollution to coastal waters [24,25]. In the present study, the contents of PTEs in the surface sediments of Xiamen Bay (Jiulong River Estuary, Xiamen West Harbour, Tongan Bay, Eastern Channel and Southern Channel) were investigated, and our aims were to (1) analyse the spatial differences and factors influencing the distribution of PTEs in sediments; (2) evaluate the pollution degree and potential biological hazards of PTEs; and (3) explore the main source of PTE pollution in surface sediments, which helps to correctly delineate the functions of different sea areas, reasonably protect the ocean and ensure the sustainable development of the marine economy in Xiamen Bay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Human Activities on the Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk and Sources of PTEs in Coastal Sediments

Lin

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) have attracted substantial attention because of their widespread sources, long residue time and easy accumulation. PTEs in the surface sediments of inshore waters are strongly affected by human activities because these waters are a zone of interaction between the ocean and land. In the present study, to explore the environmental geochemical behaviour and source of PTEs in the surface sediments of coastal waters, the contents and spatial distributions of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in different regions of Xiamen Bay were investigated. The data were processed by multivariate statistical methods, and the distribution characteristics of PTEs in the surface sediments of Xiamen Bay were analysed. In addition, the pollution load index (PLI), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological index(RI) were used to evaluate the pollution degree and potential risk in the surface sediments of Xiamen Bay, and the positive matrix factorisation (PMF) model was used to analyse the source. The results show that Zn had the highest mean concentration, followed by Pb, Cr, Cu, As, Cd and Hg, among the seven PTEs. The mean contents of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu and Hg, and especially Hg and Cd, were higher than the corresponding environmental background values. The average PLI value indicated that the Xiamen Bay sediment was moderately contaminated by PTEs. The Igeo results showed that Xiamen Bay was moderately to strongly polluted by Cd and Hg. The proportions of samples with low, medium and strong risk levels were 11.63%, 74.42%, and 13.95% in surface sediments, respectively. PMF models showed that the input of chemical fertilizer and medication, anthropogenic atmospheric components and terrestrial detritus were the main sources of PTEs in the surface sediment of Xiamen Bay.