Heavy khat (Catha edulis) chewing and dyslipidemia as modifiable hypertensive risk factors among patients in Southwest, Ethiopia: Unmatched case-control study

Gebremedhin, Meron Hadis; Lake, Eyasu Alem; Gebrekirstos, Lielt Gebreselassie

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0259078

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…The finding was supported by a study conducted in Jima, which revealed that the serum triglyceride was shown to be higher among khat chewers. 14 This may be because khat chewers are usually physical inactive, which is in turn associated with an increased level of lipid profile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of khat leaves on glycosylated haemoglobin and lipid profile in healthy individuals in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

et al. 2022

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Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the effect of Catha edulis leaves on glycosylated haemoglobin and lipid profiles in healthy individuals in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the effect of khat leaves on the glycated haemoglobin and lipid profile in the Dire Dawa population. For the study, 100 male subjects (aged ⩾20–⩽40 years) were recruited and divided into two groups, each consisting of 50 subjects: the first group was khat chewing people while the other group was non-khat chewing individuals. Blood samples were collected and tested to evaluate the glycated haemoglobin and lipid profiles. Results: The mean glycated haemoglobin value of khat chewers was 5.33% and for non-chewers, it was 5.48%, respectively. Since p value is less than the significance value, the t-test supports the reduction in glycated haemoglobin values in khat chewers. The mean values of total cholesterol, and triglycerides in khat chewers are 175.2 and 172.92, and for non-chewers they are 168.7 and 164.56, respectively. Conclusion: From this study, we concluded that Catha edulis leaves have a significant effect on glycosylated haemoglobin levels. Mean glycated haemoglobin values of long-term healthy khat chewers are comparatively less than healthy non-chewers. Long-term khat chewing increases total cholesterol levels and triglycerides levels but there is no significant effect on the high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of khat leaves on glycosylated haemoglobin and lipid profile in healthy individuals in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

et al. 2022

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Dyslipidemia and its predictors among adult workers in eastern Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study

Motuma,

Shiferaw,

Gobena

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Dyslipidemia is a modifiable major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Although, the prevalence of dyslipidemia in high-income countries has been well documented, there is dearth of information about the dyslipidemia among working adults in sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of dyslipidemia and its associated factors among Haramaya University employees, in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,200 university employees aged 20 to 60 years. Study participants were selected using a simple random sampling method. Data were collected face-to-face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire. Dyslipidemia was defined as unhealthy levels of one or more lipid profile such as high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides or total cholesterol. Data were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and analyzed using STATA version 16.1 software. Modified Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) with its 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05. Results Of 1,164 participants, 59.6% participants had at least one lipid abnormality (i.e., 57.9% among men and 61.5% among women). Of which, 36.8% had high total cholesterol (TC), 21.6% had low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), 22.4% had high low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and 32.6% had high triglyceride (TG). We found that overweight/obesity, sedentary behavior, alcohol consumption, having hypertension and age 45 and above years were significant predictors of dyslipidemia. However, those who served fruit and vegetables more than five per day had significantly reduced prevalence ratio of dyslipidemia. Conclusions The high prevalent dyslipidemia among university employees is an important public health problem. Hence, tailored interventions to reduce overweight/obesity, hypertension, alcohol consumption and low fruit and vegetable intake have paramount importance to tackle dyslipidemia particularly among older age.

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Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Catha edulis Forsk from Djibouti and Its Toxicological Investigations In Vivo and In Vitro

et al. 2023

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This work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of essential oils from Catha edulis Forsk collected in the Day Forest of the Republic of Djibouti. Additionally, in vivo toxicity studies, biochemical profiling, and hematological tests were conducted to determine the biological activity of the investigated essential oils. Finally, in vitro tests were performed to investigate the antibacterial activity of the essential oils. The essential oils were obtained at yields of 0.75%. Chromatographic analysis identified 39 compounds, of which cathinone (81.4%) and cathine (10.55%) were determined as the two major components, representing 91.95% of the total composition. Catha edulis essential oil had a rat LD50 of 2500 mg/kg, indicating very low toxicity. Chronic exposure studies revealed that use of the essential oil in rats resulted in persistent stimulant action at dosages of 100 and 200 mg/kg, whereas the weight gain of control rats was faster than that of the essential oil-treated rats. Hematological parameters showed a significant increase in red blood cell counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets in treated rats, which could indicate blood hyperviscosity that may increase the risk of blood clots and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, the investigated essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity against several bacterial strains.

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Heavy khat (Catha edulis) chewing and dyslipidemia as modifiable hypertensive risk factors among patients in Southwest, Ethiopia: Unmatched case-control study

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of khat leaves on glycosylated haemoglobin and lipid profile in healthy individuals in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

Impact of khat leaves on glycosylated haemoglobin and lipid profile in healthy individuals in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

Dyslipidemia and its predictors among adult workers in eastern Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Catha edulis Forsk from Djibouti and Its Toxicological Investigations In Vivo and In Vitro

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