“…This review, however, indicates that there might be poor agreement about the physiological mechanisms underpinning maximal strength training. Adaptations to the neural system, such as the recruitment of additional or higher threshold motor units [34,35], the recruitment of more fast twitch muscle fibres (type IIx), greater synchronisation of discharge of motor units [38,44], greater efferent drive [44], increases in corticospinal excitability coinciding with reductions in short-interval intracortical inhibition [47] or enhanced neural coordination [52,53], have all been suggested to underpin improvements in maximal strength. In contrast, increases in muscle cross-sectional area, the conversion of muscle fibre types from type IIa to type IIx, changes in pennation angle, and the secretion of growthpromoting hormones [37,43,45,48,51] have also been suggested to explain maximal strength improvements following training.…”