Heat transfer in nanoparticle suspensions: Modeling the thermal conductivity of nanofluids

Warrier, Pramod; Yuan, Yanhui; Beck, Michael P.; Teja, Amyn S.

doi:10.1002/aic.12228

Cited by 54 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…First, opposite trends are noticeable re-garding the relation between thermal conductivity and decreasing particle size: (1) a decrease of thermal conductivity because of the increase in the overall solid-liquid interface effects [45,[126][127][128][129][130][131] (Fig. 4); (2) an increase of thermal conductivity because of the nanolayer effect and the increase of random motion of nanoparticles, which promotes the creation of percolation paths [89,98,[132][133][134].…”

Section: Thermal Properties Of Nanofluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the heat and mass transfer phenomena in nanofluid coolants with special focus on automotive applications

Bigdeli

Fasano

Cardellini

et al. 2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

112

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Engineered suspensions of nanosized particles (nanofluids) may be characterized by enhanced thermal properties. Due to the increasing need for ultrahigh performance cooling systems, nanofluids have been recently investigated as next-generation coolants for car radiators. However, the multiscale nature of nanofluids implies nontrivial relations between their design characteristics and the resulting thermo-physical properties, which are far from being fully understood. In this work, the role of fundamental heat and mass transfer mechanisms governing thermo-physical properties of nanofluids is reviewed, both from experimental and theoretical point of view. Particular focus is devoted to highlight the advantages of using nanofluids as coolants for automotive heat exchangers, and a number of design guidelines is reported for balancing thermal conductivity and viscosity enhancement in nanofluids. We hope this review may help further the translation of nanofluid technology from small-scale research laboratories to industrial application in the automotive sector.

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Section: Thermal Properties Of Nanofluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the heat and mass transfer phenomena in nanofluid coolants with special focus on automotive applications

Bigdeli

Fasano

Cardellini

et al. 2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

112

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“…The second mechanism stimulates phonons transference along large particles or particle aggregates, which involves that particles with large aspect ratio have better heat transfer properties Özerinç et al, 2010). As a result, the size and shape of nanoparticles and clusters formed are the key factors for the thermal conductivity enhancement Prasher et al, 2006;Shima et al, 2010;Warrier et al, 2010;Wu et al, 2010). It was demonstrated that chain-like structures and nanotubes or nanofibers provide the highest thermal conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of halloysite-water nanofluid for heat transfer applications

Alberola

Mondragón

Juliá

et al. 2014

Applied Clay Science

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Versión / Versió:Postprint Nanofluids based on water with halloysite (Hal) nanotubes were prepared and characterized in order to evaluate its suitability to be used as a heat transfer fluid. A characterization of the Hal powder nanoparticles was performed by means of SEM, TEM, WAXS, FTIR and TGA so that chemical composition, size and shape were determined. Stability of nanofluids was analyzed by means of zeta potential and light transmission measurements. Thermal conductivity, specific heat and viscosity of nanofluids prepared at different solid contents (0.5, 1, 3 and 5% volume fraction) and temperatures (40, 60 and 80°C) were obtained in order to optimize the Prandtl number. The nanofluids exhibited a good performance for its application as heat transfer fluids, with low Prandtl numbers compared to other commonly used nanofluids. High thermal conductivity enhancement with moderate viscosity and good stability results was obtained for the Hal nanofluid.

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“…18,19 The terms a p and q p in Eqs. (2) and (3) follow from the requirement that the interaction between gas and particles conserves momentum and energy. In particular, the interaction between the two phases should vanish in the equation for the total momentum and total internal energy of the two phases.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of the two-way coupling on the total gas flow rate can be understood from a study of Eq. (2). Double integration of the Reynolds-averaged streamwise component of this equation over the wall-normal direction gives the following expression for the friction velocity: …”

Section: A Velocity and Particle Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent experimental data show that the thermal conductivity of these socalled nanofluids increases with increasing particle size. 2 Although flows of bigger particles display settling in horizontal flows, as well as an increased pressure drop, it is interesting to investigate whether the heat transfer augmentation observed for micro-sized particles larger than 0.3 lm continues to considerably larger particles with diameters in the millimeter range in turbulent flow. This is the focus of the present study, which aims at a clear interpretation of the effect of turbulence on heat transfer in particle-laden flows.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Turbulence modification and heat transfer enhancement by inertial particles in turbulent channel flow

2011

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We present results of direct numerical simulation of turbulence modification and heat transfer in turbulent particle-laden channel flow and show an enhancement of the heat transfer and a small increase in the friction velocity when heavy inertial particles with high specific heat capacity are added to the flow. The simulations employ a coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian computational model in which the momentum and energy transfer between the discrete particles and the continuous fluid phase are fully taken into account. The effect of turbophoresis, resulting in an increased particle concentration near a solid wall due to the inhomogeneity of the wall-normal velocity fluctuations, is shown to be responsible for an increase in heat transfer. As a result of turbophoresis, the effective macroscopic transport properties in the region near the walls differ from those in the bulk of the flow. To support the turbophoresis interpretation of the enhanced heat transfer, results of simulations employing no particle-fluid coupling and simulations with two-way coupling at considerably lower specific heat, or considerably lower particle concentration are also included. The combination of these simulations allows distinguishing contributions to the Nusselt number due to mean flow, turbulent fluctuations and explicit particle effects. We observe an increase in Nusselt number by more than a factor of two for heavy inertial particles, which is the net result of a decrease in heat transfer by turbulent velocity fluctuations and a much larger increase in heat transfer stemming from the mean temperature difference between the fluid and the particles close to the walls.

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Heat transfer in nanoparticle suspensions: Modeling the thermal conductivity of nanofluids

Cited by 54 publications

References 104 publications

A review on the heat and mass transfer phenomena in nanofluid coolants with special focus on automotive applications

A review on the heat and mass transfer phenomena in nanofluid coolants with special focus on automotive applications

Characterization of halloysite-water nanofluid for heat transfer applications

Turbulence modification and heat transfer enhancement by inertial particles in turbulent channel flow

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